1. 電凈(jing)液(ye)成分見表4-42.


表 42.jpg


2. 電凈液的性(xing)質和用途(tu)


 電凈液都是堿(jian)性溶(rong)液，pH為11~13.溶(rong)液呈(cheng)無色透明(ming)，手摸有滑感(gan)，-10℃不結冰。


 電凈液(ye)具有較強的去油作用(yong)，同(tong)時具有輕度的除氧化膜(mo)作用(yong)。


3. 使用方法


  用(yong)鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)蘸上(shang)電(dian)(dian)凈液，大型圓柱形(xing)工(gong)(gong)件夾(jia)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床車頭(tou)上(shang)旋轉，鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)固定在(zai)(zai)刀架上(shang)不動(dong)(dong)，將鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)和(he)工(gong)(gong)件接觸，并保持一(yi)定的相對運動(dong)(dong)速(su)率，如果是平面工(gong)(gong)件，則工(gong)(gong)件固定，鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)件平面上(shang)接觸，用(yong)手工(gong)(gong)移動(dong)(dong)保持相對運動(dong)(dong)速(su)率。在(zai)(zai)通電(dian)(dian)的情況(kuang)下(xia)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)面涂抹，達到去油的目的。


  工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與(yu)鍍(du)筆(bi)之間的通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)有兩種方式(shi)：一種稱為(wei)(wei)正極(ji)(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)，工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)接(jie)負極(ji)(ji)，鍍(du)筆(bi)接(jie)正極(ji)(ji)，去油效果快(kuai)捷。通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面產生(sheng)大量的氫氣，故工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)有滲氫現象(xiang)；另一種稱為(wei)(wei)反極(ji)(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)，工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)接(jie)正極(ji)(ji)，鍍(du)筆(bi)接(jie)負極(ji)(ji)，通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面產生(sheng)氧氣，其去油效果中等(deng)，作用溫和，沒(mei)有滲氫現象(xiang)。在實際工(gong)作中，往往是采用高檔電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓（10~18V),先正極(ji)(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)后反極(ji)(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)聯合應用，效果最佳。


4. 電(dian)凈工藝條件


 電壓10~18V,一(yi)般取12V;時間(jian)30~90s;電凈(jing)液(ye)溫度(du) 15~50℃。


 電凈(jing)后立即用(yong)水(shui)沖洗干凈(jing)，表面水(shui)膜分(fen)布均勻(yun)，金屬表面呈(cheng)現均勻(yun)的潔凈(jing)狀態，立即進行(xing)下(xia)道(dao)工序，不可使表面形成(cheng)干斑。