1. 電凈液(ye)成(cheng)分見表4-42.


表 42.jpg


2. 電凈(jing)液的性質和用途


 電凈液(ye)都(dou)是堿性溶(rong)液(ye)，pH為11~13.溶(rong)液(ye)呈無色透明，手摸有滑感，-10℃不結冰。


 電凈液具(ju)有較強的(de)去油作(zuo)用，同時具(ju)有輕度的(de)除氧化(hua)膜(mo)作(zuo)用。


3. 使用(yong)方法(fa)


  用鍍(du)筆蘸上(shang)電凈液(ye)，大(da)型圓柱形工(gong)件(jian)夾在機床(chuang)車頭上(shang)旋轉，鍍(du)筆固定在刀架上(shang)不動(dong)(dong)，將鍍(du)筆和(he)工(gong)件(jian)接(jie)觸，并保(bao)持一定的(de)相對運動(dong)(dong)速率，如果是(shi)平(ping)面(mian)工(gong)件(jian)，則工(gong)件(jian)固定，鍍(du)筆在工(gong)件(jian)平(ping)面(mian)上(shang)接(jie)觸，用手工(gong)移動(dong)(dong)保(bao)持相對運動(dong)(dong)速率。在通電的(de)情況下在工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)涂抹，達(da)到去油的(de)目的(de)。


  工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件與(yu)鍍(du)筆之間的通(tong)電(dian)(dian)有兩種(zhong)方式：一種(zhong)稱為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件接(jie)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，鍍(du)筆接(jie)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，去油效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)快捷。通(tong)電(dian)(dian)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件表面產生大量的氫氣(qi)，故工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件有滲氫現象；另一種(zhong)稱為反極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件接(jie)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，鍍(du)筆接(jie)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，通(tong)電(dian)(dian)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件表面產生氧氣(qi)，其去油效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)中(zhong)等，作用溫(wen)和，沒有滲氫現象。在實際工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)，往往是采用高檔電(dian)(dian)壓（10~18V),先正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈后反極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈聯合應用，效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)最(zui)佳。


4. 電凈工藝(yi)條件


 電(dian)壓10~18V,一般取12V;時(shi)間30~90s;電(dian)凈(jing)液溫度(du) 15~50℃。


 電凈后立(li)即(ji)用水(shui)(shui)沖洗干凈，表面水(shui)(shui)膜分布均(jun)勻，金屬(shu)表面呈現均(jun)勻的潔凈狀態，立(li)即(ji)進行下道工序，不可使(shi)表面形成干斑。