寬幅(fu)冷彎型鋼(gang)成(cheng)型機(ji)組(zu)按照生產工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)要求(qiu),應設(she)置有成(cheng)型及成(cheng)型所必需(xu)的(de)(de)輔(fu)助(zhu)設(she)施。一(yi)條好的(de)(de)成(cheng)型機(ji)組(zu),一(yi)定是(shi)能(neng)生產出高質量的(de)(de)產品(pin),而所需(xu)能(neng)耗低(di),操作(zuo)方便,運行安全。成(cheng)型機(ji)組(zu)的(de)(de)主要參數源于極端情況下的(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)條件。
冷彎(wan)型(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼的(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)規格多達數千種(zhong)(zhong),用(yong)于加工生(sheng)產冷彎(wan)型(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼的(de)(de)(de)冷彎(wan)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)(zu)也(ye)多種(zhong)(zhong)多樣,各不相同。有構造(zao)(zao)簡(jian)單、價(jia)格低(di)廉的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)(zu),即(ji)小型(xing)(xing)(xing)連續成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)(zu);也(ye)有技術先(xian)進、結構復(fu)雜、檢測控(kong)制現代化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)昂貴的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)(zu),即(ji)中(zhong)、大(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)(zu)。選用(yong)何種(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)(zu),這要依據產品的(de)(de)(de)厚度、寬度、材質和型(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼斷面形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜程度(型(xing)(xing)(xing)材形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)復(fu)雜程度是由(you)彎(wan)曲的(de)(de)(de)個數和彎(wan)曲量的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小決定的(de)(de)(de))來確定。
冷彎(wan)型(xing)鋼的冷彎(wan)成型(xing)機組示意(yi)圖,如圖5-1所示。

1. 連續冷彎成(cheng)型機組的(de)組成(cheng)
在(zai)連(lian)續冷彎成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)中,帶鋼(gang)需要連(lian)續不(bu)斷(duan)的送進(jin)(jin)(jin),以保證(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥及成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)連(lian)續不(bu)斷(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),這也是保證(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程的穩定及成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質量的需要。為了保證(zheng)帶鋼(gang)連(lian)續送進(jin)(jin)(jin),必須在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)段(duan)前設置有(you)(you)上卷(juan)、開卷(juan)、對(dui)中、矯(jiao)(jiao)直、帶鋼(gang)頭尾剪切等裝置和(he)(he)設施;成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)段(duan)主(zhu)要有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機和(he)(he)對(dui)冷彎成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)后(hou)(hou)的型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行精整(矯(jiao)(jiao)直、矯(jiao)(jiao)平)的裝置;成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)段(duan)后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)剪機、輥道平臺等,主(zhu)要是將已經成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行定尺(chi)剪切,并完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)的定尺(chi)、垛放和(he)(he)包裝等工(gong)序。
2. 小型連(lian)續冷彎成型機組
小型(xing)連續冷彎成(cheng)型(xing)機(ji)組適用于厚度(du)較薄(bo)、幅面較窄(zhai)的帶鋼成(cheng)型(xing),一般采用吊車上卷、手工開卷、手工對(dui)中(zhong)和(he)喂料等,就不需要設置上卷小車、開卷機(ji)、對(dui)中(zhong)立(li)輥(gun)和(he)矯直(zhi)機(ji)等。
薄板(ban)(ban)窄(zhai)帶冷彎成(cheng)型的(de)變形力較小(xiao),因(yin)而大(da)多采(cai)用(yong)結(jie)構簡單、造價低廉的(de)板(ban)(ban)式結(jie)構機架、鏈(lian)條鏈(lian)輪傳動方式。為了加強兩側(ce)墻板(ban)(ban)式機架的(de)剛性,在兩板(ban)(ban)式成(cheng)型機架之間(jian)上部用(yong)拉桿(gan)連接。
3. 中、大型連(lian)續(xu)冷彎成型機(ji)組
中、大(da)型(xing)連續冷彎成(cheng)型(xing)機(ji)組,適用(yong)于寬幅(fu)、較厚的帶(dai)鋼成(cheng)型(xing),由于帶(dai)鋼幅(fu)寬、板厚,手工操(cao)作就不大(da)可能了。成(cheng)型(xing)段前,應包(bao)括有(you)(you)上卷小(xiao)車、開(kai)卷機(ji)(配有(you)(you)液壓(ya)驅動的脹縮卷筒)、對中立(li)輥(gun)、帶(dai)鋼矯(jiao)直(zhi)機(ji)、液壓(ya)或(huo)機(ji)械帶(dai)鋼橫切(qie)剪切(qie)機(ji)等(deng)。成(cheng)型(xing)段包(bao)括有(you)(you)成(cheng)型(xing)機(ji)和(he)(he)矯(jiao)平(ping)裝置等(deng)。成(cheng)型(xing)段后面(mian)包(bao)括有(you)(you)定尺、剪切(qie)裝置和(he)(he)輥(gun)道平(ping)臺等(deng)。
對成(cheng)型機組的一般要(yao)求:
①. 設計合理,生產(chan)的(de)產(chan)品能滿足(zu)標準要(yao)求;
②. 成型輥的安裝、更換和調整(zheng)要方便快捷、時間短;
③. 結(jie)構緊湊,剛(gang)性(xing)好,精度(du)高(gao);
④. 自動化(hua)程度高(gao);
⑤. 成型速(su)度(du)在一定范圍(wei)內(nei)可(ke)調(diao);
⑥. 性能可靠,使用壽(shou)命長,主(zhu)要元器件(電器、液壓)可靠且要有動作(zuo)(zuo)互鎖功(gong)能,以防止(zhi)誤(wu)操作(zuo)(zuo)。

