我國早期的管道建設主要采用的是不(bu)銹鋼無(wu)縫(feng)管,但口徑受到了限制。隨著焊管生產技術的發展和焊管質量的提高以及不銹鋼(gang)焊管(guan)的直徑可以做得更大,焊管很快就替代了不銹鋼無縫管,成為管道建設的主角。隨著管道建設向大型化、高輸送量發展,中大口徑的管道基本采用了焊管,90年代以來,我國油氣管道的主干線全部被焊管所壟斷,不銹鋼無縫管主要用于支線管、集輸管線、海底管線和城市的管網。


  70-80年(nian)代成(cheng)都無(wu)縫、包鋼(gang)等(deng)企業按《一般無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)》(YB 231-1970)和后來的《輸送流(liu)(liu)體(ti)用(yong)(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)》(GB/T 8163-1987)標準,生(sheng)產流(liu)(liu)體(ti)輸送用(yong)(yong)管(guan),主要牌號:A3(A3F)、10、20、16Mn、Q235、Q295、Q345等(deng),主要管(guan)徑(jing):Φ159mm、ф219mm、φ273mm、Φ325mm、φ426mm、最(zui)大管(guan)徑(jing)為Φ630mm。


  從80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)開(kai)始(shi),我國開(kai)展了(le)按API標準(zhun)開(kai)發研(yan)(yan)制專用不銹鋼(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan),為了(le)適(shi)(shi)應這一發展的(de)需要,成都無(wu)縫廠從80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)末開(kai)始(shi)了(le)按照API5L標準(zhun),開(kai)發研(yan)(yan)制生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)A、B、X42~X52鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)。于(yu)1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得了(le)API 5L會標許可證,并于(yu)當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向泰國出(chu)(chu)口管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan);1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向臺灣地區(qu)出(chu)(chu)口Φ245mm的(de)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)。90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)中后(hou)期(qi)又研(yan)(yan)制出(chu)(chu)了(le)X56、X60、X65鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan),并為勝利(li)(li)油(you)田(tian)批量(liang)供應X56級(ji)(ji)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan);向伊拉克出(chu)(chu)口幾萬噸(dun)X60級(ji)(ji)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)。天津鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)公司250連軋管(guan)機組投產(chan)(chan)后(hou)不久就開(kai)始(shi)了(le)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)研(yan)(yan)制,1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)為渤海油(you)田(tian)開(kai)發研(yan)(yan)制出(chu)(chu)X56級(ji)(ji)φ219.1×12.7mm海底(di)(di)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan);1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)為勝利(li)(li)油(you)田(tian)開(kai)發生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)X56鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)ф114.3mm×10mm、ф273.1mm×12.7mm海底(di)(di)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan);1999-2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)為沙特阿美公司開(kai)發生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)了(le)4萬噸(dun)X60鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)ф168.3mmx12.7mm、φ219.1mmx12.7mm、φ273.1mmx12.7mm等多個規格的(de)海底(di)(di)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan);2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)又開(kai)發出(chu)(chu)X65Q、X70Q、X80Q級(ji)(ji)高強度管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan),適(shi)(shi)合海洋(yang)環境和抗(kang)腐蝕(shi)環境的(de)X60QS、X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan),適(shi)(shi)合低(di)溫(wen)環境的(de)X60L、X65L管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)。


  2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)后(hou)隨著國(guo)內(nei)幾條中大(da)口(kou)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)立,如衡(heng)陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ340mm機(ji)(ji)組,天(tian)(tian)津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ф460mm機(ji)(ji)組,天(tian)(tian)淮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)φ508mm機(ji)(ji)組,以(yi)及(ji)天(tian)(tian)津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ720mm斜軋擴(kuo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組,衡(heng)陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)φ720mm周(zhou)期式軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組,使無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑擴(kuo)大(da)到(dao)Φ711mm,其中包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)ф323.9mm、ф406mm、Φ457mm、φ508mm、φ610mm等(deng)。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)塔(ta)里木油(you)田(tian)迪(di)那氣田(tian),使用(yong)了(le)天(tian)(tian)津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當時最大(da)口(kou)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ф457mmx17.5mm、X60Q鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)中海(hai)油(you)潿洲(zhou)項目使用(yong)了(le)適合(he)海(hai)洋(yang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)和抗腐蝕環(huan)境(jing)(jing)X60QS及(ji)X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)Φ406.4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)產(chan)品。另(ling)外,天(tian)(tian)津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)公司2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)在國(guo)內(nei)首次開發了(le)適合(he)深(shen)水作(zuo)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盤管(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),且(qie)產(chan)品成功出(chu)(chu)口(kou)到(dao)歐洲(zhou)。無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發極(ji)大(da)地滿足國(guo)內(nei)陸地、海(hai)洋(yang)油(you)氣田(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發和建(jian)(jian)設,并大(da)量出(chu)(chu)口(kou)到(dao)中東(dong)、東(dong)南亞、非洲(zhou)、美(mei)洲(zhou)、歐洲(zhou)等(deng)地。近10年(nian)(nian)(nian)來,我國(guo)無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)生產(chan)企業(ye)天(tian)(tian)津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、衡(heng)陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),每年(nian)(nian)(nian)都生產(chan)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)到(dao)國(guo)外,出(chu)(chu)口(kou)量在150~227萬噸之(zhi)間,占(zhan)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)42%~49.5%,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)從B級(ji)到(dao)X級(ji)(X42-X70及(ji)少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)X80),品種包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、抗硫(liu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),見圖(tu)8-7和圖(tu)8-8。


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