我國早期的管道建設主要采用的是不銹鋼無縫管,但口徑受到了限制。隨著焊管生產技術的發展和焊管質量的提高以及不銹鋼焊管的直徑可以做得更大,焊管很快就替代了不銹鋼無縫管,成為管道建設的主角。隨著管道建設向大型化、高輸送量發展,中大口徑的管道基本采用了焊管,90年代以來,我國油氣管道的主干線全部被焊管所壟斷,不銹鋼無縫管主要用于支線管、集輸管線、海底管線和城市的管網。
70-80年代成都無(wu)縫(feng)、包鋼(gang)(gang)等(deng)企業按《一般無(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》(YB 231-1970)和后來的《輸(shu)送流體用無(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》(GB/T 8163-1987)標(biao)準,生產流體輸(shu)送用管(guan)(guan),主要牌(pai)號:A3(A3F)、10、20、16Mn、Q235、Q295、Q345等(deng),主要管(guan)(guan)徑:Φ159mm、ф219mm、φ273mm、Φ325mm、φ426mm、最大管(guan)(guan)徑為Φ630mm。
從(cong)80年(nian)(nian)代開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi),我(wo)國(guo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)展了(le)按API標(biao)準開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)專用不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)無縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),為(wei)了(le)適(shi)應這一發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)需要(yao),成都無縫廠(chang)從(cong)80年(nian)(nian)代末開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)了(le)按照API5L標(biao)準,開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)生(sheng)產A、B、X42~X52鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。于1991年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得了(le)API 5L會標(biao)許可證,并于當年(nian)(nian)向(xiang)(xiang)泰國(guo)出(chu)(chu)口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1992年(nian)(nian)向(xiang)(xiang)臺灣地區出(chu)(chu)口Φ245mm的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。90年(nian)(nian)代中后期又研(yan)制(zhi)出(chu)(chu)了(le)X56、X60、X65鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),并為(wei)勝利油(you)田批量供應X56級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);向(xiang)(xiang)伊拉克出(chu)(chu)口幾萬噸X60級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。天津鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公司250連軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組投產后不(bu)久就開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)了(le)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)研(yan)制(zhi),1997年(nian)(nian)為(wei)渤海油(you)田開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)出(chu)(chu)X56級(ji)φ219.1×12.7mm海底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1998年(nian)(nian)為(wei)勝利油(you)田開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)產X56鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)ф114.3mm×10mm、ф273.1mm×12.7mm海底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1999-2000年(nian)(nian)為(wei)沙特阿美(mei)公司開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)產出(chu)(chu)了(le)4萬噸X60鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)ф168.3mmx12.7mm、φ219.1mmx12.7mm、φ273.1mmx12.7mm等多個規格(ge)的(de)(de)海底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);2000年(nian)(nian)后又開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)出(chu)(chu)X65Q、X70Q、X80Q級(ji)高(gao)強度管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適(shi)合海洋環境和抗腐蝕環境的(de)(de)X60QS、X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適(shi)合低溫環境的(de)(de)X60L、X65L管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。
2005年以后(hou)隨著國內幾條中(zhong)大口(kou)徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建立,如衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、攀成(cheng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ340mm機(ji)組(zu),天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ф460mm機(ji)組(zu),天淮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)φ508mm機(ji)組(zu),以及天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ720mm斜軋擴(kuo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)組(zu),衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)φ720mm周期式軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)組(zu),使(shi)無(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑(jing)擴(kuo)大到Φ711mm,其中(zhong)包括ф323.9mm、ф406mm、Φ457mm、φ508mm、φ610mm等(deng)(deng)。2007年塔里木油田迪那氣田,使(shi)用了(le)天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當(dang)時最大口(kou)徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ф457mmx17.5mm、X60Q鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),2008年中(zhong)海油潿洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)項目使(shi)用了(le)適合海洋(yang)環境和(he)抗腐蝕環境X60QS及X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)Φ406.4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)產品。另外(wai),天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)公司(si)2010年在國內首(shou)次開發了(le)適合深水(shui)作業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盤管(guan)(guan)(guan)用無(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),且(qie)產品成(cheng)功(gong)出口(kou)到歐(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。無(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發極大地(di)(di)滿(man)足(zu)國內陸地(di)(di)、海洋(yang)油氣田的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發和(he)建設,并大量(liang)(liang)出口(kou)到中(zhong)東、東南亞、非洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、美洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、歐(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)。近10年來,我國無(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)生產企業天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀成(cheng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng),每年都生產大量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)出口(kou)到國外(wai),出口(kou)量(liang)(liang)在150~227萬噸之間,占不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)出口(kou)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)42%~49.5%,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)從B級(ji)到X級(ji)(X42-X70及少(shao)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)X80),品種包括海底管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、抗硫管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng),見圖8-7和(he)圖8-8。