我國早期的管道建設主要采用的是不銹鋼無縫管,但口徑受到了限制。隨著焊管生產技術的發展和焊管質量的提高以及不銹鋼焊管的直徑可以做得更大,焊管很快就替代了不銹鋼無縫管,成為管道建設的主角。隨著管道建設向大型化、高輸送量發展,中大口徑的管道基本采用了焊管,90年代以來,我國油氣管道的主干線全部被焊管所壟斷,不銹鋼無縫管主要用于支線管、集輸管線、海底管線和城市的管網。
70-80年代成都無(wu)縫(feng)、包鋼等(deng)企業按《一(yi)般無(wu)縫(feng)鋼管》(YB 231-1970)和后來的《輸送(song)流(liu)體(ti)用無(wu)縫(feng)鋼管》(GB/T 8163-1987)標準,生產流(liu)體(ti)輸送(song)用管,主要牌號:A3(A3F)、10、20、16Mn、Q235、Q295、Q345等(deng),主要管徑(jing)(jing):Φ159mm、ф219mm、φ273mm、Φ325mm、φ426mm、最(zui)大(da)管徑(jing)(jing)為(wei)Φ630mm。
從80年(nian)代開(kai)始,我國開(kai)展了(le)按(an)API標準開(kai)發研(yan)制專用不銹鋼(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),為(wei)了(le)適應(ying)這一發展的需要,成(cheng)都無(wu)縫(feng)廠從80年(nian)代末開(kai)始了(le)按(an)照API5L標準,開(kai)發研(yan)制生產(chan)(chan)A、B、X42~X52鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。于(yu)1991年(nian)獲得(de)了(le)API 5L會標許可(ke)證,并(bing)于(yu)當年(nian)向(xiang)泰國出(chu)(chu)(chu)口管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan);1992年(nian)向(xiang)臺(tai)灣地區(qu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口Φ245mm的管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。90年(nian)代中后(hou)期又研(yan)制出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)X56、X60、X65鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),并(bing)為(wei)勝利油(you)(you)田(tian)批量供應(ying)X56級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan);向(xiang)伊(yi)拉克出(chu)(chu)(chu)口幾萬噸(dun)X60級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。天津鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)公司250連軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機組投產(chan)(chan)后(hou)不久(jiu)就開(kai)始了(le)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)研(yan)制,1997年(nian)為(wei)渤(bo)海(hai)油(you)(you)田(tian)開(kai)發研(yan)制出(chu)(chu)(chu)X56級(ji)φ219.1×12.7mm海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan);1998年(nian)為(wei)勝利油(you)(you)田(tian)開(kai)發生產(chan)(chan)X56鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)ф114.3mm×10mm、ф273.1mm×12.7mm海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan);1999-2000年(nian)為(wei)沙特阿(a)美公司開(kai)發生產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)4萬噸(dun)X60鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)ф168.3mmx12.7mm、φ219.1mmx12.7mm、φ273.1mmx12.7mm等多個規格的海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan);2000年(nian)后(hou)又開(kai)發出(chu)(chu)(chu)X65Q、X70Q、X80Q級(ji)高強度管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),適合海(hai)洋環(huan)境(jing)和(he)抗腐蝕環(huan)境(jing)的X60QS、X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan),適合低溫環(huan)境(jing)的X60L、X65L管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。
2005年(nian)(nian)以(yi)后隨著國(guo)內(nei)幾條中(zhong)大(da)口(kou)(kou)(kou)徑的(de)(de)(de)連軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立,如(ru)衡陽(yang)(yang)(yang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)Φ340mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu),天(tian)(tian)(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)ф460mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu),天(tian)(tian)(tian)淮(huai)的(de)(de)(de)φ508mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu),以(yi)及天(tian)(tian)(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)Φ720mm斜軋擴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu),衡陽(yang)(yang)(yang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)φ720mm周期式軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu),使無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)徑擴大(da)到Φ711mm,其中(zhong)包括ф323.9mm、ф406mm、Φ457mm、φ508mm、φ610mm等(deng)。2007年(nian)(nian)塔里木(mu)油(you)田(tian)迪那氣(qi)田(tian),使用(yong)了天(tian)(tian)(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產的(de)(de)(de)當時最大(da)口(kou)(kou)(kou)徑的(de)(de)(de)ф457mmx17.5mm、X60Q鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),2008年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)海(hai)油(you)潿洲項目使用(yong)了適合海(hai)洋(yang)環境和抗(kang)腐蝕(shi)環境X60QS及X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)Φ406.4mm的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產品。另(ling)外,天(tian)(tian)(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公司2010年(nian)(nian)在(zai)國(guo)內(nei)首次開(kai)發(fa)了適合深(shen)水(shui)作業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)盤管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),且產品成功出(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)到歐洲。無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)極大(da)地(di)滿足國(guo)內(nei)陸地(di)、海(hai)洋(yang)油(you)氣(qi)田(tian)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)和建(jian)設,并(bing)大(da)量(liang)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)到中(zhong)東(dong)、東(dong)南亞、非洲、美洲、歐洲等(deng)地(di)。近(jin)10年(nian)(nian)來(lai),我國(guo)無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產企業(ye)天(tian)(tian)(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、衡陽(yang)(yang)(yang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),每年(nian)(nian)都生產大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)到國(guo)外,出(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)量(liang)在(zai)150~227萬噸之(zhi)間(jian),占不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)42%~49.5%,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)從B級(ji)到X級(ji)(X42-X70及少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)X80),品種包括海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、抗(kang)硫(liu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),見圖8-7和圖8-8。


