1980年初,當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)計劃委員會根據當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)經(jing)濟環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao),開始組(zu)織油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產化工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),成立(li)了(le)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)組(zu)。由當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)部(bu)與(yu)(yu)冶(ye)(ye)金部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩位(wei)副部(bu)長掛帥,冶(ye)(ye)金部(bu)成立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)專設(she)機構(gou)為(wei)(wei)“板管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)辦”,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)非常(chang)榮(rong)幸地成為(wei)(wei)板管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)辦的(de)(de)(de)(de)成員之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)代表冶(ye)(ye)金部(bu)參與(yu)(yu)處(chu)理(li)(li)鋼(gang)廠(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田(tian)(tian)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)異議小組(zu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)小組(zu)共4人,除我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)外其余3人為(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)部(bu)技術人員,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)任務是(shi)(shi)處(chu)理(li)(li)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田(tian)(tian)與(yu)(yu)鋼(gang)廠(chang)(chang)之(zhi)間關于油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)異議,并且對(dui)所(suo)發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)異議進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)析。根據當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)析認(ren)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)絲(si)扣質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)差(cha);二(er)是(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)不接(jie)軌、不通(tong)用(yong)(yong)。絲(si)扣質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)差(cha)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)加工(gong)(gong)機床問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),國(guo)(guo)(guo)外用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機床精(jing)度高且是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)梳刀加工(gong)(gong),所(suo)以管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)紋(wen)精(jing)度高、光潔(jie)(jie)度好;而國(guo)(guo)(guo)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)機床是(shi)(shi)蘇(su)聯(lian)老式(shi)機床,螺(luo)紋(wen)是(shi)(shi)板牙加工(gong)(gong),光潔(jie)(jie)度差(cha)、精(jing)度低(di),油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田(tian)(tian)井(jing)(jing)隊下國(guo)(guo)(guo)產套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)經(jing)常(chang)出故障,所(suo)以當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田(tian)(tian)很不愿(yuan)用(yong)(yong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。根據我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)報告和建(jian)議,冶(ye)(ye)金部(bu)批準(zhun)對(dui)鞍鋼(gang)、包鋼(gang)和成都無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang)(chang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)技術改(gai)造,當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)被稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“三(san)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)改(gai)造”工(gong)(gong)程。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)改(gai)造內(nei)容(rong),其一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)引進(jin)法國(guo)(guo)(guo)螺(luo)紋(wen)加工(gong)(gong)機床;其二(er)是(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢測(ce)技術裝備由執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)蘇(su)聯(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)rOCT標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)體系改(gai)造為(wei)(wei)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)世界(jie)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)API標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)體系。螺(luo)紋(wen)與(yu)(yu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)解(jie)決后,又出現(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體幾(ji)何尺寸精(jing)度差(cha)以及(ji)鋼(gang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)能不穩(wen)定等問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),為(wei)(wei)了(le)解(jie)決上述(shu)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti),國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)又批準(zhun)建(jian)設(she)寶鋼(gang)無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與(yu)(yu)天津鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang)(chang),采用(yong)(yong)連軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組(zu),并且從(cong)煉鋼(gang)甚至從(cong)煉鐵開始進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)一(yi)(yi)貫制管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li),用(yong)(yong)以保證油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)和品(pin)種。上述(shu)一(yi)(yi)系列的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)造,時(shi)(shi)(shi)間緊、項目繁雜,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)只(zhi)有(you)(you)連續苦(ku)戰才能完成。有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)次我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)從(cong)幾(ji)個(ge)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田(tian)(tian)處(chu)理(li)(li)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)異議回(hui)來上班時(shi)(shi)(shi),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)領導居然問(wen)(wen)(wen)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)“你找誰”?因(yin)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)曬(shai)得那么黑,又很疲勞的(de)(de)(de)(de)樣(yang)子,他認(ren)不出我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)了(le)。為(wei)(wei)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)API標(biao)(biao)準(zhun),各廠(chang)(chang)不僅要(yao)(yao)進(jin)口API量(liang)規,還要(yao)(yao)更新或引進(jin)具有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際先進(jin)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)各種物理(li)(li)、化學(xue)等檢測(ce)裝備。并且有(you)(you)大(da)量(liang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)需要(yao)(yao)溝(gou)通(tong)和協調,特別是(shi)(shi)牽涉到很多專業(ye)部(bu)門(men)(men),例(li)如需要(yao)(yao)與(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產廠(chang)(chang)、石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鉆井(jing)(jing)工(gong)(gong)程部(bu)門(men)(men)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)監督(du)、標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)、翻譯等部(bu)門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)協同。時(shi)(shi)(shi)間緊、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)量(liang)大(da)、難度大(da)。當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)幾(ji)乎沒有(you)(you)休(xiu)息(xi)日,不分(fen)晝夜的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),就這樣(yang)艱苦(ku)奮斗(dou)了(le)三(san)年,在冶(ye)(ye)金部(bu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)得了(le)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)綽號(hao)叫“API”。但油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仍未達(da)到當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)年產8萬噸的(de)(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)(biao)。當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)發(fa)誓不要(yao)(yao)命(ming)也要(yao)(yao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產化。
隨(sui)著(zhu)石油(you)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)迅速發展,目前我國(guo)已經成(cheng)為世界油(you)井管(guan)(guan)(guan)最(zui)大的(de)(de)生產基地。中國(guo)從事(shi)油(you)井管(guan)(guan)(guan)生產且取得(de)API認證的(de)(de)企業(ye)接近300家。進入21世紀以來,國(guo)產油(you)井管(guan)(guan)(guan)產品已經覆蓋(gai)了API5CT的(de)(de)全部鋼級和規格(ge)。天(tian)津鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼、華菱衡陽、攀成(cheng)鋼和西姆萊斯等企業(ye)還建(jian)立了本企業(ye)的(de)(de)非API產品系(xi)(xi)列和特殊扣(kou)(螺紋接頭)系(xi)(xi)列,并且批量生產了非API系(xi)(xi)列和特殊螺紋接頭油(you)套管(guan)(guan)(guan)。
1985年我(wo)被調到國(guo)家(jia)計劃委員會,先(xian)后在重(zhong)三(san)局、重(zhong)點建設司、寶(bao)鋼(gang)辦等(deng)部門工(gong)作,有了(le)服務于鋼(gang)管(guan)事業的(de)(de)機遇。具體參(can)與了(le)寶(bao)鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)、天津(jin)鋼(gang)管(guan)、成都無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)、包鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)、衡陽鋼(gang)管(guan)、鞍鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)廠項目建設的(de)(de)論(lun)證、考察(cha)、實施、驗收等(deng)工(gong)作,以及后來的(de)(de)民企西姆萊(lai)斯、安(an)徽天大、常寶(bao)、中興能源、寶(bao)雞等(deng)廠項目的(de)(de)論(lun)證、顧(gu)問等(deng)工(gong)作。現在回憶起來仍(reng)感很(hen)自豪,當(dang)時我(wo)雖(sui)然(ran)很(hen)年輕(qing),但(dan)寶(bao)鋼(gang)ф140mm 鋼(gang)管(guan)投產時我(wo)竟擔當(dang)了(le)上崗工(gong)人的(de)(de)考核員。幾十年過(guo)去(qu)了(le),我(wo)的(de)(de)工(gong)作單位雖(sui)然(ran)有很(hen)多變化(hua),但(dan)從未離開過(guo)鋼(gang)鐵事業,每一份工(gong)作都為我(wo)提供了(le)為鋼(gang)管(guan)事業服務的(de)(de)機會。正(zheng)如我(wo)的(de)(de)領(ling)導形容我(wo)是(shi)鉆進管(guan)子出不來的(de)(de)人。有些事至今仍(reng)記憶猶(you)新:
1. 關(guan)于中(zhong)國油井管(guan)“地區規”的設(she)置(zhi)問題
根據API標(biao)準(zhun)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定,檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)油(you)井管螺紋的(de)(de)(de)螺紋規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)計量(liang)(liang)傳遞程(cheng)序是(shi)由美國國家標(biao)準(zhun)局設置的(de)(de)(de)基準(zhun)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)-校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)世界(jie)各(ge)地區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)“地區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)”-“地區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)”校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)生(sheng)產(chan)單(dan)位的(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)-校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)生(sheng)產(chan)中使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)工作規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)。如(ru)若(ruo)不(bu)設“地區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)”,我們每(mei)年(nian)將(jiang)有大量(liang)(liang)螺紋規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)需拿(na)到國外(wai)計量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)驗,時(shi)間長、外(wai)匯花(hua)費大。當(dang)時(shi)石油(you)部(bu)首先購(gou)買了“地區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)”,如(ru)果設在(zai)石油(you)部(bu)門,產(chan)生(sheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)異(yi)議時(shi)對(dui)(dui)鋼(gang)廠可能不(bu)利。當(dang)時(shi)我直接向API協(xie)會咨詢,并(bing)(bing)提交了中國計量(liang)(liang)科(ke)學研究(jiu)院(yuan)符合API要求條件的(de)(de)(de)書(shu)面說明,即該院(yuan)是(shi)具(ju)有世界(jie)第三強實力的(de)(de)(de)計量(liang)(liang)科(ke)學研究(jiu)院(yuan),既不(bu)是(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)方也不(bu)屬用(yong)(yong)戶方,并(bing)(bing)且(qie)具(ju)有認證權。當(dang)時(shi)API協(xie)會就確認了計量(liang)(liang)院(yuan)“地區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)”的(de)(de)(de)權限(xian),同時(shi)登錄在(zai)API標(biao)準(zhun)冊上,并(bing)(bing)且(qie)撤(che)銷了原石油(you)部(bu)“地區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)”的(de)(de)(de)權限(xian)。目前我們的(de)(de)(de)“地區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)”不(bu)僅(jin)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)我國的(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)也校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)亞洲其他地區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)。
2. 關于寶鋼規劃
2000年(nian)寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)委托我公司(si)編制發(fa)展規劃(hua),我參(can)與(yu)編制,我們(men)根據寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)帶鋼(gang)和中厚(hou)板的(de)(de)情況,建(jian)(jian)(jian)議增加焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)篇,提出(chu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)UOE和HFW焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)機(ji)組,并且指出(chu)寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)不(bu)僅有優質原(yuan)料、運輸方便、接近(jin)用戶等(deng)(deng)優勢,而且經濟實力(li)雄厚(hou),能(neng)夠(gou)抵御產(chan)品市場波動的(de)(de)風(feng)險。因(yin)此,2003年(nian)寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)接受建(jian)(jian)(jian)議開始建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)HFW機(ji)組與(yu)UOE大型(xing)直縫(feng)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)線。關于(yu)UOE機(ji)組,當時(shi)寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)認為缺(que)乏經驗,就聯合(he)日本住友合(he)作(zuo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),在選擇O成(cheng)型(xing)機(ji)能(neng)力(li)時(shi),住友堅持(chi)選擇小于(yu)或等(deng)(deng)于(yu)他們(men)現有的(de)(de)機(ji)型(xing),這樣我們(men)只能(neng)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)12m長(chang)的(de)(de)大焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan),僅可供國(guo)內使用,因(yin)為國(guo)際上(shang)一般(ban)要18.3m長(chang),但(dan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)這么長(chang)的(de)(de)大口徑焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan),0成(cheng)型(xing)機(ji)壓力(li)要達720MN,要多(duo)投資3億元左(zuo)右,寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)領導(dao)有些猶豫(yu),經我們(men)說服,寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)最終堅持(chi)上(shang)了大壓機(ji),當時(shi)日本住友立(li)即退出(chu)合(he)作(zuo),我對寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)說,退出(chu)更(geng)好(hao),我們(men)一定有能(neng)力(li)搞好(hao)。現在寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)已經成(cheng)為了國(guo)內唯(wei)一的(de)(de),世界上(shang)領先的(de)(de)能(neng)夠(gou)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)12.5~18.3m長(chang)度范圍的(de)(de)直縫(feng)埋(mai)弧焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)廠(chang)家。國(guo)際上(shang)許(xu)多(duo)重大天然(ran)氣管(guan)(guan)線多(duo)購買寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)UOE管(guan)(guan)。
3. 關于我國(guo)連軋管機的芯(xin)棒國(guo)產化問題
芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)是連軋(ya)管機組生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)流程中不可缺少的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)具之一。芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)對于軋(ya)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率、軋(ya)制(zhi)荒管的(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度、規(gui)(gui)格(ge)范(fan)圍以(yi)及產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量影響(xiang)很大,所(suo)以(yi)對芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求十分嚴格(ge)。當時我(wo)國(guo)(guo)大部分鋼(gang)(gang)管廠采用(yong)進口芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)。根據(ju)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能力計(ji)算,每年約消(xiao)耗新芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)14500t左右,其(qi)中大規(gui)(gui)格(ge)限動芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)主要(yao)(yao)依靠進口。根據(ju)了(le)解我(wo)國(guo)(guo)主要(yao)(yao)從法國(guo)(guo)、意(yi)大利、德國(guo)(guo)進口,因為(wei)(wei)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)屬生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)消(xiao)耗工(gong)具,對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、成本影響(xiang)較大,各廠都在研制(zhi)。我(wo)當時有機會赴法、意(yi)、德三(san)國(guo)(guo)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)廠考察,看到工(gong)藝并不復雜,回(hui)國(guo)(guo)后向國(guo)(guo)內各生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)廠介紹并寫文章宣(xuan)傳,當了(le)解到我(wo)國(guo)(guo)中原(yuan)特鋼(gang)(gang)采用(yong)鍛造與連續熱(re)處理(li)以(yi)及鍍鉻工(gong)藝生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中、大規(gui)(gui)格(ge)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang),我(wo)立(li)即(ji)赴中原(yuan)特鋼(gang)(gang),為(wei)(wei)他們咨詢和(he)(he)編制(zhi)規(gui)(gui)劃,確立(li)了(le)長(chang)期生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)必要(yao)(yao)性(xing)。目前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)基本國(guo)(guo)產(chan)。
從世界(jie)限(xian)動芯棒產(chan)品市場看,每年需(xu)求量約在(zai)20000t左右。中(zhong)原特鋼(gang)目(mu)前已是(shi)我國(guo)最大的(de)芯棒生產(chan)廠。不僅提(ti)(ti)供國(guo)內,也提(ti)(ti)供國(guo)外,據了解如(ru)美國(guo)、日本、意大利、阿根(gen)廷等國(guo)的(de)多家公司向中(zhong)原提(ti)(ti)出詢價(jia),尋求合(he)作,當時年需(xu)求量約3000t左右。因此該產(chan)品國(guo)內、外均有一定的(de)市場前景(jing)。