①. 可(ke)燃(ran)氣(qi)體、液(ye)化(hua)(hua)烴和可(ke)燃(ran)液(ye)體的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)除規定需要采(cai)用(yong)法(fa)蘭連(lian)(lian)接外(wai)，均(jun)應(ying)采(cai)用(yong)焊(han)接連(lian)(lian)接。公稱直徑等(deng)于(yu)或小于(yu)25mm的(de)(de)可(ke)燃(ran)氣(qi)體、液(ye)化(hua)(hua)烴和可(ke)燃(ran)液(ye)體的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)和閥門(men)采(cai)用(yong)錐管(guan)(guan)(guan)螺紋連(lian)(lian)接時，除能(neng)產(chan)生(sheng)縫隙(xi)腐蝕的(de)(de)介質管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)外(wai)，應(ying)在螺紋處采(cai)用(yong)密(mi)封(feng)焊(han)。規定采(cai)用(yong)法(fa)蘭連(lian)(lian)接的(de)(de)地方為：與設(she)備管(guan)(guan)(guan)口法(fa)蘭的(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接、與法(fa)蘭閥門(men)的(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接等(deng)；高黏度、易(yi)黏結的(de)(de)聚合(he)淤(yu)漿液(ye)和懸浮液(ye)等(deng)易(yi)堵塞的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)；凝(ning)固點高的(de)(de)液(ye)狀(zhuang)石蠟(la)、瀝青、硫黃(huang)等(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)；停工檢修需拆卸(xie)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)等(deng)。需要經常清掃(sao)的(de)(de)分配主管(guan)(guan)(guan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)一端不能(neng)封(feng)閉(bi)，應(ying)做成能(neng)拆卸(xie)的(de)(de)形(xing)式，見圖2.231。
管道(dao)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)焊(han)接(jie)連接(jie)，不(bu)論從強度上(shang)、密封性能上(shang)都是好的(de)(de)。但(dan)是，等于或小于DN25的(de)(de)管道(dao)，其(qi)焊(han)接(jie)強度不(bu)佳且易(yi)(yi)將焊(han)渣落入管內引起管道(dao)堵塞，因此多采(cai)(cai)用(yong)承插焊(han)管件連接(jie)，也可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)錐管螺(luo)紋連接(jie)。當采(cai)(cai)用(yong)錐管螺(luo)紋連接(jie)時，有強腐(fu)蝕(shi)性介質，尤其(qi)是含HF等易(yi)(yi)產生(sheng)縫隙腐(fu)蝕(shi)的(de)(de)介質，不(bu)得在螺(luo)紋連接(jie)處施(shi)以密封焊(han)，否(fou)則一旦泄漏(lou)，后果嚴重。
②. 可(ke)燃(ran)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)、液(ye)化烴和可(ke)燃(ran)液(ye)體(ti)(ti)的(de)管道不得穿過與(yu)其無(wu)關(guan)的(de)建筑物。可(ke)燃(ran)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)、液(ye)化烴和可(ke)燃(ran)液(ye)體(ti)(ti)的(de)采樣管道不應引入化驗室(shi)。
③. 可(ke)(ke)燃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、液化烴和可(ke)(ke)燃液體(ti)(ti)(ti)的管道應架空或(huo)沿地敷(fu)設。日常(chang)檢(jian)查、檢(jian)修(xiu)各(ge)方面都比(bi)較(jiao)方便，而管溝(gou)(gou)和埋(mai)地敷(fu)設恰好相(xiang)反，破損不易被(bei)及時發現。必(bi)須(xu)采(cai)用管溝(gou)(gou)敷(fu)設時，應采(cai)取防止可(ke)(ke)燃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、液化烴和可(ke)(ke)燃液體(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)管溝(gou)(gou)內積(ji)聚的措(cuo)施，并(bing)在(zai)進(jin)、出裝置(zhi)及廠(chang)房(fang)(fang)處密封隔斷；管溝(gou)(gou)內的污水(shui)應經水(shui)封井排(pai)人生產污水(shui)管道。管溝(gou)(gou)在(zai)進(jin)出廠(chang)房(fang)(fang)及裝置(zhi)處應妥善隔斷，是為了阻止火(huo)災蔓延和可(ke)(ke)燃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或(huo)可(ke)(ke)燃液體(ti)(ti)(ti)流竄。
④. 工(gong)藝和公(gong)用工(gong)程(cheng)管道(dao)(dao)共(gong)架多層(ceng)(ceng)敷(fu)設時，宜將介質操(cao)作溫(wen)度(du)(du)等于(yu)(yu)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)250℃的(de)管道(dao)(dao)布(bu)置在上層(ceng)(ceng)，液化烴(jing)及腐蝕(shi)性介質管道(dao)(dao)布(bu)置在下層(ceng)(ceng)；必須布(bu)置在下層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)介質操(cao)作溫(wen)度(du)(du)等于(yu)(yu)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)250℃的(de)管道(dao)(dao)可(ke)布(bu)置在外(wai)側，但(dan)不應與(yu)液化烴(jing)管道(dao)(dao)相鄰。大多數塔(ta)底泵的(de)介質操(cao)作溫(wen)度(du)(du)等于(yu)(yu)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)250℃，當塔(ta)底泵布(bu)置在管廊（橋）下時，為(wei)盡(jin)可(ke)能降(jiang)低塔(ta)的(de)液面高(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)，并能滿足泵的(de)有效汽蝕(shi)余量的(de)要(yao)求。
⑤. 氧氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)與可(ke)燃氣(qi)(qi)體、液(ye)化烴(jing)和可(ke)燃液(ye)體的管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)共架敷設時應(ying)布(bu)置(zhi)在一側，且平行布(bu)置(zhi)時凈距不應(ying)小(xiao)于500mm，交叉(cha)布(bu)置(zhi)時凈距不應(ying)小(xiao)于250mm。氧氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)與可(ke)燃氣(qi)(qi)體、液(ye)化烴(jing)和可(ke)燃液(ye)體管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)之間宜(yi)用公用工程管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)隔(ge)開。
氧(yang)氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)道與可(ke)燃介質管(guan)(guan)道共(gong)架(jia)敷設(she)時(shi)，兩(liang)管(guan)(guan)道平(ping)行(xing)布(bu)置的凈(jing)距(ju)為不小于500mm。但(dan)當管(guan)(guan)道采用焊接(jie)連接(jie)結構并無閥門時(shi)，其平(ping)行(xing)布(bu)置的凈(jing)距(ju)可(ke)取上述凈(jing)距(ju)的50％，即250mm。
⑥. 公(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝裝置中是經(jing)常與可燃(ran)氣(qi)體、液化烴、可燃(ran)液體的設備和管(guan)道(dao)(dao)相連(lian)(lian)接(jie)的。當公(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)壓力因(yin)故(gu)降(jiang)低(di)時，大量可燃(ran)液體可能倒流入(ru)公(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)內，容易(yi)引發事故(gu)。如大量可燃(ran)液體倒流入(ru)蒸(zheng)汽管(guan)道(dao)(dao)內，當用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蒸(zheng)汽滅火時起了“火上添(tian)油的作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。因(yin)此，公(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)與可燃(ran)氣(qi)體、液化烴和可燃(ran)液體的管(guan)道(dao)(dao)或(huo)設備連(lian)(lian)接(jie)時應(ying)符合下列規定：連(lian)(lian)續使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的公(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)上應(ying)設止回(hui)閥，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)其根部設切斷閥；在(zai)(zai)(zai)間歇使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的公(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)上應(ying)設止回(hui)閥和一道(dao)(dao)切斷閥或(huo)設兩道(dao)(dao)切斷閥，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)兩切斷閥間設檢(jian)查閥；僅在(zai)(zai)(zai)設備停(ting)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的公(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)應(ying)設盲板(ban)或(huo)斷開(kai)。
止(zhi)回閥是重(zhong)要的安全(quan)設施，但(dan)只能(neng)防止(zhi)大量氣體(ti)、液體(ti)倒流(liu)，不(bu)能(neng)阻止(zhi)少量泄漏。
⑦. 連續操(cao)作(zuo)的(de)(de)可(ke)燃氣體(ti)(ti)管道(dao)的(de)(de)低點(dian)應設兩道(dao)排(pai)液(ye)閥(fa)，排(pai)出的(de)(de)液(ye)體(ti)(ti)應排(pai)放至密閉(bi)系統(tong)；僅在(zai)開停工時(shi)使用的(de)(de)排(pai)液(ye)閥(fa)，可(ke)設一(yi)道(dao)閥(fa)門(men)并(bing)加(jia)絲堵、管帽、盲板或法蘭蓋。連續操(cao)作(zuo)的(de)(de)可(ke)燃氣體(ti)(ti)管道(dao)的(de)(de)低點(dian)設兩道(dao)排(pai)液(ye)閥(fa)，第(di)一(yi)道(dao)（靠近管道(dao)側）閥(fa)門(men)為(wei)常(chang)(chang)開閥(fa)，第(di)二(er)道(dao)閥(fa)門(men)為(wei)經常(chang)(chang)操(cao)作(zuo)閥(fa)。當發(fa)現第(di)二(er)道(dao)閥(fa)門(men)泄(xie)漏(lou)時(shi)，關閉(bi)第(di)一(yi)道(dao)閥(fa)門(men)，更換第(di)二(er)道(dao)閥(fa)門(men)。
⑧. 甲(jia)、乙(yi)A類(lei)設備和管(guan)(guan)道應(ying)有惰性(xing)氣體置換(huan)設施。甲(jia)、乙(yi)A類(lei)設備和管(guan)(guan)道停工時應(ying)用惰性(xing)氣體置換(huan)，以防檢修(xiu)動火時發(fa)生火災爆炸事故。
⑨. 當可燃液(ye)體(ti)容(rong)器(qi)內可能存在(zai)空氣時，其入口(kou)管應從(cong)容(rong)器(qi)下部(bu)接入；若必須從(cong)上(shang)部(bu)接入，應延(yan)伸至距容(rong)器(qi)底200mm處。從(cong)容(rong)器(qi)上(shang)部(bu)向下噴射(she)輸入容(rong)器(qi)內時，液(ye)體(ti)可能形成(cheng)很高(gao)(gao)的靜電壓，經測(ce)定，汽(qi)油(you)(you)和(he)航空煤油(you)(you)噴射(she)輸入形成(cheng)的靜電壓高(gao)(gao)達數千(qian)伏，甚至在(zai)萬伏以上(shang)，這是(shi)很危險(xian)的。容(rong)器(qi)的任何接地都不能迅速消除這種液(ye)體(ti)內部(bu)的電荷。
⑩. 液化烴設備抽出管道應在靠近設備根部設置切斷閥。容積超過50m3的液化烴設備與其抽出泵的間距小于15m時，該切斷閥應為帶手動功能的遙控閥，遙控閥就地操作按鈕距抽出泵的間距不應小于15m。當與罐直接相連接的下游設備發生火災時，能及時切斷物料。
