1. 人孔(kong)
下面以固定床反(fan)應(ying)器為例進行介紹(shao)。固定床反(fan)應(ying)器頂部通常需要(yao)(yao)設(she)(she)置人孔(kong),用于催化劑裝(zhuang)填和內件檢修,人孔(kong)大(da)小一般為DN500~V600。人孔(kong)設(she)(she)計形式主要(yao)(yao)有(you)四種,見圖6.8。N500~DN6
①. 當(dang)工藝氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)口(kou)比人(ren)孔(kong)直徑小三級(ji)或三級(ji)以上時,通(tong)常采用(yong)圖6.8(a)所示形式的人(ren)孔(kong),將人(ren)孔(kong)與工藝氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)口(kou)合(he)用(yong)一個管(guan)(guan)口(kou)。該設計方(fang)式通(tong)常需要在工藝氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)線上靠近(jin)人(ren)孔(kong)處(chu)設置可拆卸短管(guan)(guan),同時,與可拆卸短管(guan)(guan)相連的管(guan)(guan)道(dao)應(ying)考慮設承重(zhong)支架,在反應(ying)器人(ren)孔(kong)打開時支撐進口(kou)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)。
②. 當工藝氣管口與人孔(kong)(kong)(kong)直徑(jing)相(xiang)當或比人孔(kong)(kong)(kong)直徑(jing)大時,需(xu)要單獨設(she)置人孔(kong)(kong)(kong),常見的設(she)計形(xing)式有圖6.8(b)和(c)兩種(zhong)。圖6.8(b)所示(shi)形(xing)式人孔(kong)(kong)(kong)受(shou)力較(jiao)好、制(zhi)造較(jiao)容(rong)易,但(dan)催化(hua)劑裝(zhuang)填較(jiao)困難。圖6.8(c)所示(shi)形(xing)式人孔(kong)(kong)(kong)受(shou)力不(bu)好、制(zhi)造較(jiao)困難,但(dan)催化(hua)劑裝(zhuang)填較(jiao)容(rong)易。
③. 圖6.8(d)所示形(xing)式(shi)人(ren)孔設(she)置在反應器側面(mian),在頂(ding)部(bu)設(she)置專門的催化劑裝料(liao)口,該形(xing)式(shi)很少采用。

2. 人孔平(ping)臺(tai)
圖6.8(a)~(c)所示(shi)三(san)種形(xing)式人(ren)(ren)孔,只需(xu)(xu)要(yao)在(zai)反應器(qi)頂(ding)部設(she)置(zhi)一(yi)層(ceng)平臺即可(ke)滿(man)足催(cui)化劑裝填(tian)等操作要(yao)求,而圖6.8(d)所示(shi)形(xing)式人(ren)(ren)孔,除了要(yao)在(zai)反應器(qi)頂(ding)部設(she)置(zhi)一(yi)層(ceng)平臺,在(zai)人(ren)(ren)孔上方還需(xu)(xu)要(yao)再設(she)置(zhi)一(yi)層(ceng)平臺。

