工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和(he)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)互相融合，在設計時密(mi)不可(ke)分(fen)。國內外有(you)些設計單位(wei)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和(he)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)仍是(shi)同一個(ge)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，稱(cheng)作“工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)”專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，有(you)些設計單位(wei)分(fen)為工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)和(he)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)。無論如何分(fen)工(gong)(gong)，作為壓力管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，應首先理(li)解透徹工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)圖紙文件(jian)，明(ming)白工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)原理(li)，才能保證壓力管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)設計質(zhi)量和(he)工(gong)(gong)作效率。

  石油(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設項目具有(you)(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)周(zhou)期性(xing)，有(you)(you)些(xie)年(nian)份(fen)煉油(you)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較多，有(you)(you)些(xie)年(nian)份(fen)煤制(zhi)油(you)煤化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較多，有(you)(you)些(xie)年(nian)份(fen)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較多，有(you)(you)些(xie)年(nian)份(fen)電(dian)力(li)輕工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較多，在(zai)這種(zhong)市場(chang)經濟主導(dao)的(de)(de)大環境下，設計(ji)單(dan)位(wei)能中標的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)類型也在(zai)變化(hua)。需要(yao)壓力(li)管道設計(ji)人(ren)員熟練設計(ji)煉油(you)（常減壓、催(cui)化(hua)重整(zheng)、加氫等(deng)(deng)(deng)）、化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)（乙烯、化(hua)肥、LNG、LPG、PP、苯(ben)乙烯等(deng)(deng)(deng)）、煤制(zhi)油(you)等(deng)(deng)(deng)各種(zhong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。

  實踐證明，無論是化工(gong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、煉油(you)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，還是制(zhi)藥裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)壓力管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)計，僅是工(gong)藝專業設(she)(she)(she)計內容(rong)不同(tong)，對于壓力管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)專業設(she)(she)(she)計人(ren)員，設(she)(she)(she)計原理(li)和(he)(he)內容(rong)是相同(tong)的(de)，壓力管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)計人(ren)員掌握了管(guan)(guan)廊、塔、容(rong)器(qi)、反應(ying)器(qi)、換(huan)熱設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、加熱爐(lu)、泵、壓縮機、罐等(deng)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、設(she)(she)(she)施及(ji)其有關管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)配管(guan)(guan)設(she)(she)(she)計原理(li)和(he)(he)好的(de)設(she)(she)(she)計做法，就(jiu)可以較好地完成這些不同(tong)類型裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)(she)施的(de)壓力管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)計。本(ben)章(zhang)節簡(jian)要(yao)講述一些裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)工(gong)藝及(ji)布置(zhi)。