工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)管(guan)道互相融合(he)，在(zai)設(she)計(ji)時(shi)密不可分。國內外(wai)有些(xie)設(she)計(ji)單(dan)位工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)管(guan)道仍是同一個專(zhuan)業(ye)，稱(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)“工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)道”專(zhuan)業(ye)，有些(xie)設(she)計(ji)單(dan)位分為工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)業(ye)和(he)管(guan)道專(zhuan)業(ye)。無(wu)論如(ru)何分工(gong)(gong)，作(zuo)(zuo)為壓力(li)管(guan)道專(zhuan)業(ye)，應(ying)首先理解透徹(che)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)業(ye)圖紙(zhi)文件，明白工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)原理，才能保證(zheng)壓力(li)管(guan)道專(zhuan)業(ye)設(she)計(ji)質(zhi)量和(he)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效率。

  石油(you)(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設(she)項目具有(you)一定的周期性，有(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)年份煉油(you)(you)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較(jiao)多，有(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)年份煤(mei)制油(you)(you)煤(mei)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較(jiao)多，有(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)年份化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較(jiao)多，有(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)年份電力輕工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程較(jiao)多，在(zai)(zai)這種(zhong)市場經濟主導的大(da)環境下(xia)，設(she)計(ji)單位能中(zhong)標的裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)類型也在(zai)(zai)變化(hua)。需要壓力管道設(she)計(ji)人員熟練設(she)計(ji)煉油(you)(you)（常減(jian)壓、催化(hua)重(zhong)整、加氫(qing)等(deng)）、化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)（乙烯(xi)、化(hua)肥、LNG、LPG、PP、苯(ben)乙烯(xi)等(deng)）、煤(mei)制油(you)(you)等(deng)各種(zhong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。

  實踐證(zheng)明，無論是(shi)化工(gong)裝置(zhi)、煉油(you)裝置(zhi)，還是(shi)制藥(yao)裝置(zhi)的(de)壓力管(guan)道(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)，僅是(shi)工(gong)藝(yi)專(zhuan)業設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)內(nei)容(rong)不同(tong)，對于(yu)壓力管(guan)道(dao)(dao)專(zhuan)業設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人(ren)員，設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)原理和(he)內(nei)容(rong)是(shi)相同(tong)的(de)，壓力管(guan)道(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人(ren)員掌握了管(guan)廊(lang)、塔、容(rong)器(qi)、反應器(qi)、換熱(re)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、加(jia)熱(re)爐、泵、壓縮(suo)機、罐等(deng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)及其有關管(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)配管(guan)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)原理和(he)好的(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)做法，就可以較(jiao)好地完成這些不同(tong)類型裝置(zhi)的(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)的(de)壓力管(guan)道(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)。本(ben)章節簡要講述一些裝置(zhi)的(de)工(gong)藝(yi)及布置(zhi)。