藥(yao)芯焊絲(si)根據其內(nei)層填料中(zhong)有無(wu)造(zao)渣(zha)劑,分為(wei)藥(yao)粉(fen)型(有造(zao)渣(zha)劑)焊絲(si)和金屬粉(fen)型(無(wu)造(zao)渣(zha)劑)焊絲(si)兩種(zhong)。
有造(zao)渣(zha)(zha)劑的(de)(de)按照渣(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)堿(jian)度,可分為鈦型(xing)(酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)渣(zha)(zha))、鈣鈦型(xing)(中性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或弱堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)渣(zha)(zha))和(he)鈣型(xing)(堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)渣(zha)(zha))的(de)(de)焊(han)絲。鈦型(xing)渣(zha)(zha)系(xi)的(de)(de)焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)成形美觀(guan),可進行全(quan)位置焊(han)接,電弧穩定,飛濺很少,焊(han)接工(gong)藝(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)優(you)良(liang),但焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)抗裂性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)略(lve)差。鈣型(xing)渣(zha)(zha)系(xi)的(de)(de)焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)抗裂性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)優(you)良(liang),而(er)焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)成形和(he)焊(han)接工(gong)藝(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)稍差。鈣鈦型(xing)渣(zha)(zha)系(xi)介于上述兩者之間。
無(wu)造(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)劑(ji)藥芯焊(han)(han)絲(si)的(de)焊(han)(han)接工藝(yi)性能(neng)(neng)類(lei)似于實心焊(han)(han)絲(si),其熔敷效(xiao)(xiao)率和(he)抗裂性能(neng)(neng)優于有造(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)劑(ji)藥芯焊(han)(han)絲(si)。無(wu)造(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)劑(ji)藥芯成分中(zhong)大部(bu)分是(shi)金屬粉,還(huan)加入(ru)了特(te)殊(shu)的(de)穩弧劑(ji),能(neng)(neng)保證(zheng)焊(han)(han)接時造(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)少(shao),效(xiao)(xiao)率高、飛(fei)濺少(shao)和(he)電弧穩定等特(te)點(dian)。此(ci)外,它還(huan)具(ju)有焊(han)(han)縫擴(kuo)散(san)氫含量低的(de)特(te)點(dian),能(neng)(neng)提高焊(han)(han)接接頭的(de)抗裂性能(neng)(neng)。據統計,采用無(wu)造(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)劑(ji)藥芯焊(han)(han)絲(si)施焊(han)(han)時,其造(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)量只有有造(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)劑(ji)焊(han)(han)絲(si)的(de)1/3,所以不需(xu)除渣(zha)(zha)就可進行連續多層焊(han)(han)接(3~4層),可大大提高焊(han)(han)接生產(chan)效(xiao)(xiao)率。
各(ge)種(zhong)藥(yao)芯焊(han)絲的焊(han)接(jie)特性見表2-27。