工業(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)，是由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)支(zhi)吊(diao)架等(deng)(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，用(yong)(yong)以輸送、分配、混合、分離、排放、計量(liang)或控制流(liu)體流(liu)動。管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)連接或裝(zhuang)配成(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，包(bao)括管(guan)(guan)(guan)子（PiPipe)e）、管(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、法蘭、墊片、緊(jin)固件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、閥門(men)以及管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)特(te)(te)殊件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)特(te)(te)殊件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)指非(fei)普(pu)通標準組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，系按工程設(she)計條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)特(te)(te)殊制造的管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，包(bao)括膨(peng)脹節(jie)、補償器、特(te)(te)殊閥門(men)、爆炸片、阻火器、過濾器、撓性接頭及軟管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)支(zhi)吊(diao)架，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)或約束(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)位移的各(ge)種結構的總稱，但不(bu)包(bao)括土建結構。管(guan)(guan)(guan)子只是管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的一部分，當管(guan)(guan)(guan)子與管(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、閥門(men)和其他(ta)機械(xie)設(she)備連接，并由(you)支(zhi)吊(diao)架支(zhi)承(cheng)時，才被稱為管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)。

  工業管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)器材是整個管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)設計過程的(de)基礎部分，它直接影響到(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)系統(tong)乃至整個工業裝(zhuang)置的(de)安全(quan)性、可靠性和經濟性。工業管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)器材在(zai)石(shi)油、化(hua)工、石(shi)油化(hua)工、電(dian)力、輕紡、船舶(bo)、制藥等工業部門的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)裝(zhuang)置中所(suo)占比(bi)例很大。在(zai)石(shi)油化(hua)工生產裝(zhuang)置中，管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)材料中各主要項目(mu)費(fei)用所(suo)占比(bi)例如圖16.1所(suo)示。

工(gong)業(ye)管道常(chang)用材料分類見表(biao)16.2。