彎管(guan)(或彎頭)在(zai)承受彎矩后,管(guan)子的截面(mian)會發生橢圓化(hua),即扁平化(hua)。這樣,在(zai)應(ying)力(li)計算(suan)中猶如彎管(guan)截面(mian)慣(guan)性(xing)(xing)矩減(jian)少,剛度(du)下降。若以同(tong)一彎矩值作用(yong)在(zai)彎管(guan)上比作用(yong)在(zai)直(zhi)管(guan)上其位移量(liang)會大(da)K倍,則此K值稱為(wei)彎管(guan)的柔性(xing)(xing)系數。
在疲(pi)勞破壞循環次(ci)數(shu)相同的情況下,作用于(yu)直管的名義彎曲應力與作用于(yu)管件的名義彎曲應力之(zhi)比,稱(cheng)為應力增系數(shu)。
柔性(xing)(xing)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)和(he)應(ying)(ying)力(li)增(zeng)強系(xi)數(shu)(shu)是在進行管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道柔性(xing)(xing)設計中(zhong)考(kao)慮彎管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、三通等(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件柔性(xing)(xing)和(he)應(ying)(ying)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)影響所采(cai)用的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)彎管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在彎矩(ju)作(zuo)用下與(yu)直管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)相比較,其剛度(du)降低、柔性(xing)(xing)增(zeng)大,同時應(ying)(ying)力(li)也將增(zeng)加,因(yin)此,在計算管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件時就要考(kao)慮它的(de)(de)(de)柔性(xing)(xing)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)和(he)應(ying)(ying)力(li)增(zeng)強系(xi)數(shu)(shu)。而(er)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)三通等(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件,由(you)于存(cun)在局部應(ying)(ying)力(li)集中(zhong),在驗算這些管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)力(li)時,則采(cai)用應(ying)(ying)力(li)增(zeng)強系(xi)數(shu)(shu)。