這(zhe)種軋(ya)機亦稱(cheng)皮(pi)爾格軋(ya)管(guan)機，1891年由曼乃斯曼兄(xiong)弟發明，1900年將芯棒設計成移動(dong)式(shi)為止才達到完(wan)全機械化(hua)，成為目前狀態(tai)，其操作過程(cheng)如圖4-21所(suo)示(shi)。

  此軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)操作的(de)基本特點是鍛軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)旋轉方(fang)向與(yu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)送(song)(song)進(jin)(jin)方(fang)向相反，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)孔型(xing)沿圓周為(wei)變斷面，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)時(shi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)反送(song)(song)進(jin)(jin)方(fang)向運行。送(song)(song)料(liao)由(you)做往(wang)復運動的(de)芯(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)送(song)(song)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)(ji)構完成，這(zhe)種軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)形式(shi)的(de)延(yan)伸(shen)系數(shu)為(wei)7~15,可用(yong)鋼(gang)錠直接生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。目前主要用(yong)于(yu)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)大直徑中(zhong)、厚(hou)壁(bi)管(guan)、異形管(guan)，利用(yong)鍛軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)特點還(huan)可生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)合金鋼(gang)管(guan)。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)規格范圍(wei)(wei)外徑為(wei)114~665mm;壁(bi)厚(hou)2.5~100mm;軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后長(chang)度(du)可達40m.該軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)的(de)主要缺(que)點是：效(xiao)率(lv)低，輔(fu)助操作時(shi)間(jian)占整個周期(qi)的(de)25%;孔型(xing)不(bu)易加(jia)工(gong)；芯(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)長(chang)，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規格范圍(wei)(wei)窄，壁(bi)厚(hou)精度(du)低。為(wei)減少周期(qi)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)皆采(cai)用(yong)線外插芯(xin)(xin)棒(bang)(bang)鍛頭，再送(song)(song)往(wang)主機(ji)(ji)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)，以減少輔(fu)助操作時(shi)間(jian)。為(wei)改善周期(qi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)加(jia)工(gong)的(de)規格尺寸窄的(de)問題，有的(de)配(pei)以張(zhang)力減徑來擴大機(ji)(ji)組生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規格范圍(wei)(wei)。