3.5%鎳(nie)鋼(gang)(gang)通(tong)過(guo)降低(di)(di)碳、硫(liu)、磷含量(liang),加入(ru)鎳(nie)等合金成分,并(bing)(bing)通(tong)過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理細化晶粒,使其具有優良的(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)溫(wen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能,被廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)乙烯、化肥、液化石油氣(qi)及煤氣(qi)工程(cheng)中低(di)(di)溫(wen)設備的(de)(de)(de)制造。3.5%鎳(nie)鋼(gang)(gang)一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)正火(huo)或正火(huo)+回火(huo)狀態使用(yong)(yong)(yong),其低(di)(di)溫(wen)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)穩定,顯(xian)微組織為(wei)(wei)(wei)鐵素體(ti)和珠光體(ti),使用(yong)(yong)(yong)溫(wen)度(du)達(da)-101℃.經調質處(chu)理,其組織和低(di)(di)溫(wen)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)得到進一(yi)步改善(shan)(shan),最低(di)(di)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)溫(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)-110℃.為(wei)(wei)(wei)避(bi)免(mian)由于(yu)過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)而使焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫及熱(re)(re)(re)(re)影響區的(de)(de)(de)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)惡化,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)盡量(liang)不擺(bai)動,采(cai)陽焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)道(dao)、多道(dao)多層焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han),并(bing)(bing)嚴格控(kong)制焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)預(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)及焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)道(dao)間溫(wen)度(du),一(yi)般控(kong)制在(zai)50~100℃范圍內(nei),同(tong)時應(ying)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)輸入(ru)施焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)輸人應(ying)控(kong)制在(zai)2.0kJ/mm以(yi)(yi)(yi)下,熔化極氣(qi)體(ti)保護焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)輸入(ru)應(ying)控(kong)制在(zai)2.5kJ/mm以(yi)(yi)(yi)下。由于(yu)3.5%鎳(nie)鋼(gang)(gang)中的(de)(de)(de)含碳量(liang)較(jiao)低(di)(di),所以(yi)(yi)(yi)其淬硬(ying)傾向不大(da),一(yi)般可以(yi)(yi)(yi)不預(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re),但板厚在(zai)25mm以(yi)(yi)(yi)上,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)件剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)大(da)時,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)前要(yao)預(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)到150℃左右(you),道(dao)間溫(wen)度(du)與預(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)相同(tong),鋼(gang)(gang)有應(ying)變時效傾向,當冷(leng)加工變形量(liang)在(zai)5%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上時,要(yao)進行消除應(ying)力熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理改善(shan)(shan)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)。該類(lei)鋼(gang)(gang)在(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)后消除應(ying)力退(tui)火(huo)處(chu)理過(guo)程(cheng)中,易產生回火(huo)脆性(xing)(xing)(xing)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)避(bi)免(mian)回火(huo)脆性(xing)(xing)(xing),建(jian)(jian)議采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)4.5%Ni-0.2%Mo系焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)絲(si),用(yong)(yong)(yong)NB-3N焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時,建(jian)(jian)議采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)表5-58規定的(de)(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)電流,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)后進行600~625℃熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理,有利于(yu)收(shou)善(shan)(shan)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)接(jie)頭的(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)溫(wen)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)。


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