3.5%鎳鋼(gang)通(tong)過降低(di)碳(tan)、硫、磷含量,加入(ru)鎳等合金成分(fen),并(bing)通(tong)過熱處(chu)理(li)(li)細(xi)化(hua)晶粒(li),使(shi)其(qi)具有優良的(de)(de)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)能,被(bei)廣泛應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)乙烯、化(hua)肥、液(ye)化(hua)石油(you)氣(qi)及煤氣(qi)工程(cheng)中(zhong)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)設備的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)。3.5%鎳鋼(gang)一(yi)般為(wei)正(zheng)火或正(zheng)火+回(hui)火狀態使(shi)用(yong),其(qi)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)韌(ren)性(xing)較(jiao)穩(wen)定,顯微(wei)組織為(wei)鐵素體和(he)珠光體,使(shi)用(yong)溫(wen)(wen)度達-101℃.經調質處(chu)理(li)(li),其(qi)組織和(he)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)韌(ren)性(xing)得(de)到進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)改善(shan),最(zui)低(di)使(shi)用(yong)溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)-110℃.為(wei)避免(mian)由于(yu)(yu)過熱而使(shi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫及熱影響區(qu)的(de)(de)韌(ren)性(xing)惡化(hua),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接時(shi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)條盡量不擺動,采(cai)陽(yang)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)道、多道多層焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han),并(bing)嚴格控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接預熱溫(wen)(wen)度及焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)道間溫(wen)(wen)度,一(yi)般控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)50~100℃范(fan)圍內(nei),同(tong)時(shi)應采(cai)用(yong)小的(de)(de)熱輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)施焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)條電弧焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)熱輸(shu)(shu)人應控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)2.0kJ/mm以(yi)(yi)下,熔(rong)化(hua)極(ji)氣(qi)體保護(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)熱輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)應控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)2.5kJ/mm以(yi)(yi)下。由于(yu)(yu)3.5%鎳鋼(gang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)含碳(tan)量較(jiao)低(di),所以(yi)(yi)其(qi)淬硬(ying)傾(qing)向(xiang)不大,一(yi)般可以(yi)(yi)不預熱,但板(ban)厚在(zai)(zai)25mm以(yi)(yi)上(shang),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)件剛性(xing)較(jiao)大時(shi),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)前要(yao)預熱到150℃左(zuo)右,道間溫(wen)(wen)度與(yu)預熱溫(wen)(wen)度相(xiang)同(tong),鋼(gang)有應變時(shi)效傾(qing)向(xiang),當冷加工變形量在(zai)(zai)5%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)時(shi),要(yao)進(jin)行消除應力熱處(chu)理(li)(li)改善(shan)韌(ren)性(xing)。該類鋼(gang)在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)后(hou)消除應力退火處(chu)理(li)(li)過程(cheng)中(zhong),易產生回(hui)火脆性(xing)。為(wei)避免(mian)回(hui)火脆性(xing),建議采(cai)用(yong)4.5%Ni-0.2%Mo系焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)絲,用(yong)NB-3N焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)條焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接時(shi),建議采(cai)用(yong)表(biao)5-58規定的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接電流(liu),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)后(hou)進(jin)行600~625℃熱處(chu)理(li)(li),有利于(yu)(yu)收善(shan)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接接頭的(de)(de)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)韌(ren)性(xing)。


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