合成塔筒體采用材料為321不銹鋼制作,板厚12mm,筒體直徑940mm,長9m.工作壓力1.76MPa,溫度≤530℃.筒體焊后要求焊縫總長25%進行X射線探傷檢測。


  筒(tong)(tong)體縱縫、環(huan)縫的坡(po)(po)口(kou)形(xing)式均為V形(xing),如圖(tu)5-4所示。坡(po)(po)口(kou)用(yong)(yong)機械加工方法(fa)或用(yong)(yong)碳弧氣(qi)(qi)刨加工,氣(qi)(qi)刨后的坡(po)(po)口(kou)表面要清除熔(rong)渣,并(bing)打磨光亮。筒(tong)(tong)體所有縱、環(huan)縫的坡(po)(po)口(kou)開(kai)在筒(tong)(tong)內,鈍邊(bian)開(kai)在筒(tong)(tong)外(wai)。其優(you)點是焊根在筒(tong)(tong)外(wai),便于碳弧氣(qi)(qi)刨進行(xing)清根操作,另外(wai),氣(qi)(qi)刨產生的熔(rong)渣不(bu)粘在筒(tong)(tong)體內壁上,保(bao)證筒(tong)(tong)體光潔,提高(gao)耐腐蝕性。


圖 4.jpg


  筒體(ti)(ti)成形(xing)后(hou)裝配(pei)定(ding)位(wei)焊(han)(han)(han),每隔(ge)200~250mm定(ding)位(wei)焊(han)(han)(han)25mm,定(ding)位(wei)焊(han)(han)(han)縫高(gao)度為4~5mm.施焊(han)(han)(han)順序如圖5-5所(suo)示。先在(zai)筒體(ti)(ti)內焊(han)(han)(han)第1和第2道(第1層),這兩道焊(han)(han)(han)縫的起焊(han)(han)(han)和終止端應相反。


圖 5.jpg


  然后(hou)在筒外清根,再焊(han)(han)(han)第(di)3和第(di)4道(dao)(第(di)2層(ceng))。同樣注意各(ge)道(dao)之間的(de)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)方向(xiang)要(yao)相(xiang)反。這樣焊(han)(han)(han)波錯(cuo)開避免夾渣(zha)。焊(han)(han)(han)條不要(yao)做(zuo)橫(heng)向(xiang)擺(bai)動,對(dui)準中(zhong)心線焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)。清根時在筒外用碳(tan)弧氣刨進行,碳(tan)棒直徑8mm,電流250~300A,碳(tan)棒與焊(han)(han)(han)縫夾角45°,刨槽(cao)深度4mm,將(jiang)第(di)1層(ceng)焊(han)(han)(han)道(dao)根部可能有缺陷的(de)金屬全部創(chuang)除(chu),刨后(hou)清理(li)熔渣(zha)。第(di)3、4層(ceng)焊(han)(han)(han)道(dao)焊(han)(han)(han)完后(hou),最(zui)后(hou)在筒體內焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)與腐蝕介質接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)第(di)5、6層(ceng)焊(han)(han)(han)道(dao)。


  環縫在(zai)筒體外部(bu)進行點固,點牢之(zhi)后將筒體吊(diao)放在(zai)轉(zhuan)胎(tai)上,焊(han)(han)(han)工(gong)在(zai)筒內焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie),轉(zhuan)胎(tai)轉(zhuan)動開關在(zai)面罩上,由焊(han)(han)(han)工(gong)自己控制轉(zhuan)動速度,邊(bian)(bian)焊(han)(han)(han)邊(bian)(bian)轉(zhuan),保持平(ping)焊(han)(han)(han)位置,施(shi)焊(han)(han)(han)次序與縱縫要求相同。第1道焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時采用焊(han)(han)(han)條直徑4mm,焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)電流120~140A.其他(ta)各(ge)道焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)電流為130~150A.