合成塔筒體采用材料為321不(bu)銹鋼制作,板厚12mm,筒體直徑940mm,長9m.工作壓力1.76MPa,溫度≤530℃.筒體焊后要求焊縫總長25%進行X射線探傷檢測。
筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)縱縫、環(huan)縫的坡(po)口形式均為V形,如(ru)圖5-4所示(shi)。坡(po)口用機械加工(gong)方法或用碳弧氣刨(bao)加工(gong),氣刨(bao)后的坡(po)口表面要清除熔(rong)渣,并打磨(mo)光亮。筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)所有縱、環(huan)縫的坡(po)口開在筒(tong)(tong)內(nei),鈍邊開在筒(tong)(tong)外(wai)。其優點是焊根(gen)在筒(tong)(tong)外(wai),便于(yu)碳弧氣刨(bao)進行清根(gen)操作(zuo),另外(wai),氣刨(bao)產生的熔(rong)渣不(bu)粘(zhan)在筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)壁上,保證筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)光潔,提高耐腐(fu)蝕性。

筒體成形后裝配定(ding)位焊(han),每隔200~250mm定(ding)位焊(han)25mm,定(ding)位焊(han)縫高度為4~5mm.施焊(han)順序如圖5-5所示。先在筒體內(nei)焊(han)第1和第2道(dao)(第1層),這兩道(dao)焊(han)縫的起焊(han)和終(zhong)止(zhi)端應(ying)相反。

然后在(zai)筒外(wai)清根(gen),再焊(han)第3和第4道(第2層)。同(tong)樣(yang)注意各(ge)道之間的焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)方向(xiang)要相(xiang)反。這樣(yang)焊(han)波錯(cuo)開(kai)避免(mian)夾渣。焊(han)條不要做橫向(xiang)擺(bai)動,對準(zhun)中心線焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)。清根(gen)時在(zai)筒外(wai)用碳(tan)弧氣刨進行,碳(tan)棒直徑8mm,電流250~300A,碳(tan)棒與焊(han)縫(feng)夾角45°,刨槽深度4mm,將第1層焊(han)道根(gen)部可(ke)能有(you)缺陷的金(jin)屬(shu)全部創除,刨后清理熔渣。第3、4層焊(han)道焊(han)完后,最后在(zai)筒體(ti)內焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)與腐蝕介質接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)的第5、6層焊(han)道。
環縫在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)外部進行點固,點牢之后將(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)吊放(fang)在(zai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)胎上(shang),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)工在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)內焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie),轉(zhuan)(zhuan)胎轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)開關在(zai)面罩上(shang),由(you)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)工自己控(kong)制轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)速度(du),邊(bian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)邊(bian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan),保持平焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)位置,施焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)次(ci)序與縱縫要(yao)求相同。第1道(dao)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時采用焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)直徑4mm,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)電流(liu)120~140A.其(qi)他各道(dao)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)電流(liu)為130~150A.

