美國機械工程師學會(American Society of Mechanical Engineers,ASME)成(cheng)立于1880年,在世界各地建有(you)分部,是一個有(you)很(hen)大權威和影響的(de)國際性學術組織(zhi)。ASME主(zhu)要從(cong)事(shi)發展機(ji)(ji)械工(gong)程(cheng)及其有(you)關領(ling)(ling)域的(de)科學技術(shu),鼓勵(li)基(ji)礎研究,促進學術(shu)交(jiao)流,發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)與其他(ta)工(gong)程(cheng)學、協(xie)(xie)會的(de)合作,開展(zhan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化活動,制(zhi)定(ding)機(ji)(ji)械規(gui)范和標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。它擁有(you)125000個(ge)(ge)(ge)成員,管理著全世界最大(da)(da)的(de)技術(shu)出(chu)(chu)版機(ji)(ji)構,主持每年30個(ge)(ge)(ge)技術(shu)會議,200個(ge)(ge)(ge)專業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)課(ke)程(cheng),并制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)許多工(gong)業(ye)(ye)和制(zhi)造(zao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。自成立以(yi)(yi)來,ASME領(ling)(ling)導了(le)機(ji)(ji)械標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),從最初的(de)螺紋標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)開始到現在(zai)(zai)已(yi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)了(le)超過600多個(ge)(ge)(ge)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。1911年成立了(le)鍋爐機(ji)(ji)械指令(ling)(ling)委員會,在(zai)(zai)1914~1915年頒(ban)布(bu)了(le)機(ji)(ji)械指令(ling)(ling),以(yi)(yi)后該指令(ling)(ling)又與各個(ge)(ge)(ge)州及加(jia)拿大(da)(da)的(de)法律相結合。ASME已(yi)成為在(zai)(zai)技術(shu)、教育(yu)及調查領(ling)(ling)域內世界性的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)學機(ji)(ji)構。此外,ASME還是ANSI5個(ge)(ge)(ge)發(fa)(fa)起(qi)單位之一。ANSI的(de)機(ji)(ji)械類標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun),主要(yao)由它協(xie)(xie)助(zhu)提出(chu)(chu),并代(dai)表(biao)美(mei)國家標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)委員會技術(shu)顧(gu)問小組,參加(jia)ISO的(de)活動。其管道標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)有(you):


   ASME B31.1 Power Piping 動力(li)管道


   ASME B31.3 Process Piping 工藝管道


   ASME B31.4 Liquid Transportation Systems for Hydrocarbons,Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhy-drous Ammonia, and Alcohols 液態烴和其他(ta)液體管線輸送系(xi)統


   ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems輸氣和配氣管道(dao)系(xi)統


   ASME B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 鑄(zhu)鐵法蘭(lan)(lan)和管法蘭(lan)(lan)


   ASME B16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings 可(ke)鍛鑄鐵螺紋管件


   ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 管(guan)法(fa)蘭和法(fa)蘭管(guan)件(jian)


   ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings 工廠制造的鍛鋼對(dui)焊管(guan)件(jian)


   ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded 承插(cha)焊(han)式和螺紋式鍛(duan)造管件


   ASME B16.12 Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings 鑄鐵(tie)螺紋排水管件


   ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges 管法蘭用非(fei)金屬平(ping)墊片(pian)


   ASME B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings 鍛壓銅(tong)和銅(tong)合金(jin)釬焊(han)連接壓力管配件


   ASME B16.28 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns 鍛(duan)軋鋼制(zhi)對(dui)接焊小彎(wan)頭(tou)(tou)半徑彎(wan)頭(tou)(tou)和180°彎(wan)頭(tou)(tou)


   ASME B16.34 Valves-Flanged,Threaded,and Welding End法蘭、螺紋(wen)和焊(han)接(jie)端連接(jie)的閥(fa)門


   ASME B16.39 Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions 可鍛鐵(tie)螺紋管活接頭(tou)


   ASME B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 球墨鑄(zhu)鐵管(guan)法(fa)蘭和法(fa)蘭連(lian)接管(guan)配(pei)件(jian)


   ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Flanges 大直(zhi)徑管鋼制法蘭(NPS 26~NPS 60)


   ASME B16.48 Line Blanks 鋼制(zhi)管線盲板


   ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe 焊接和無縫鍛鋼管(NPS 1/8NPS80)


   ASME B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe 不銹(xiu)鋼鋼管(guan)(NPS 1/8~NPS30)


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