用管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)原油(you)(you)(you)(you)、成品油(you)(you)(you)(you)和液化石(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)氣的(de)(de)建設工(gong)(gong)程。一(yi)般包括輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)、輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)及(ji)輔助(zhu)設施(shi)等工(gong)(gong)程內容(rong)。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)系統是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)各類型輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)及(ji)有關(guan)設施(shi)的(de)(de)統稱(cheng)。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)工(gong)(gong)程中各類工(gong)(gong)藝站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)的(de)(de)統稱(cheng)。首站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)起點(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。中間(jian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)首站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和末(mo)(mo)(mo)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之間(jian)設有的(de)(de)各類站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)的(de)(de)統稱(cheng)。分(fen)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)沿線，為分(fen)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)品至用戶而設置的(de)(de)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)。中間(jian)加熱站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)首站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和末(mo)(mo)(mo)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之間(jian)以加熱設施(shi)為主的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。末(mo)(mo)(mo)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)終點(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。
（1）輸(shu)油(you)管(guan)道工程(cheng)設(she)計計算(suan)輸(shu)油(you)量時(shi)，年(nian)(nian)工作(zuo)天數應按350天計算(suan)。應按設(she)計委托書或設(she)計合同規定的輸(shu)量（年(nian)(nian)輸(shu)量、月輸(shu)量、日輸(shu)量）作(zuo)為(wei)設(she)計輸(shu)量。設(she)計最(zui)小輸(shu)量應符合經濟及安全輸(shu)送條件。
（2）輸油(you)管道設計宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)密閉輸送工(gong)藝(yi)。若采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)其他輸送工(gong)藝(yi)，應(ying)進(jin)(jin)行技(ji)術經(jing)濟論(lun)證，并說(shuo)明(ming)其可行性。當管輸多種油(you)品時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)順序(xu)輸送工(gong)藝(yi)。若采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)專管專用(yong)(yong)輸送工(gong)藝(yi)，應(ying)進(jin)(jin)行技(ji)術經(jing)濟論(lun)證。
（3）輸(shu)油(you)管(guan)(guan)道系統輸(shu)送工藝方(fang)(fang)案(an)應(ying)依據設(she)計內壓力(li)、管(guan)(guan)道管(guan)(guan)型及鋼種等級(ji)、管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)、壁厚、輸(shu)送方(fang)(fang)式、輸(shu)油(you)站數、順序輸(shu)送油(you)品批次等，以多(duo)個(ge)組合方(fang)(fang)案(an)進行比選，確定最佳輸(shu)油(you)工藝方(fang)(fang)案(an)。
（4）管(guan)輸原油質量應符(fu)合國(guo)家(jia)現行標準SY/T 7513的規(gui)(gui)定；管(guan)輸液態液化石油氣的質量應符(fu)合現行國(guo)家(jia)標準GB 9052.1或GB11174的規(gui)(gui)定；管(guan)輸其(qi)他成(cheng)品油質量應符(fu)合國(guo)家(jia)現行產品標準。
（5）輸油管(guan)道系(xi)統輸送工(gong)藝總(zong)流程圖應標注首(shou)站、中(zhong)間站、末站的輸油量(liang)，進(jin)出站壓力及油溫等主要(yao)工(gong)藝參數。并注明線路截斷(duan)閥、大型(xing)穿跨越、各(ge)站間及里程、高程（注明是否有翻越點）。
（6）輸油管道系統輸送工藝設(she)計應包(bao)括水(shui)力(li)和(he)熱力(li)計算，并進行穩(wen)態和(he)瞬(shun)態水(shui)力(li)分析(xi)，提出(chu)輸油管道在密閉輸送中瞬(shun)變流(liu)動(dong)過程的控制(zhi)方法。
（7）輸油管道的設計(ji)應符合現行國(guo)家標(biao)準GB50253的規定，其(qi)穿跨越(yue)工程設計(ji)應符合國(guo)家現行標(biao)準 SY/T 0015.1 SY/T 0015.2的有關規定。
（8）原油(you)管(guan)(guan)道、成品(pin)油(you)管(guan)(guan)道和液態液化(hua)石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)（LPG）管(guan)(guan)道系統輸(shu)送工藝(yi)的計算(suan)(suan)及成品(pin)．油(you)順序(xu)輸(shu)送混油(you)段長度計算(suan)(suan)應(ying)按現(xian)行國家標準GB 50253有關規定計算(suan)(suan)。埋地的(de)原油輸(shu)送管道的(de)沿線溫降應按現行國家標準(zhun)GB 50253有(you)關規定(ding)計算。
（9）原油管道輸送要求：
根據被輸送(song)原油的物(wu)理化(hua)(hua)學性質(zhi)及(ji)其流變性，通過優化(hua)(hua)比選，選擇最佳輸送(song)方式；
加熱輸(shu)送的埋(mai)地原油(you)管(guan)道(dao)，優(you)選加熱溫(wen)度；管(guan)道(dao)是否(fou)需保溫(wen)，進(jin)行管(guan)道(dao)保溫(wen)與不保溫(wen)的技術(shu)經濟比較(jiao)，確定合理(li)方案。
（10）成品油管道(dao)輸(shu)送要(yao)求：
按(an)設(she)(she)計(ji)委托(tuo)書(shu)或設(she)(she)計(ji)合同規定的成(cheng)品(pin)油(you)(you)輸(shu)量(liang)、品(pin)種(zhong)與各品(pin)種(zhong)的比例，以及分輸(shu)、輸(shu)入數量(liang)，進(jin)行(xing)成(cheng)品(pin)油(you)(you)管道系統輸(shu)送工藝設(she)(she)計(ji)；
輸送(song)多品種成(cheng)品油(you)時，宜采用單管順序(xu)輸送(song)。油(you)品批量輸送(song)的(de)排(pai)列(lie)順序(xu)，將油(you)品性質(zhi)相近的(de)緊鄰排(pai)列(lie)；
成品油順序(xu)輸送管道(dao)，在輸油站間(jian)不(bu)宜設置副管；
在(zai)順序輸(shu)送高黏度成(cheng)品油（如重(zhong)油）時宜使用隔(ge)離裝置；
多品種成品油順(shun)序(xu)輸(shu)送(song)管道，采(cai)(cai)用連續(xu)輸(shu)送(song)方式(shi)；當(dang)采(cai)(cai)用間歇輸(shu)送(song)時(shi)，應(ying)采(cai)(cai)取措施(shi)以減少混油量；
采用旁(pang)接油(you)罐輸送(song)工藝(yi)，當多種(zhong)油(you)品順序輸送(song)混油(you)界面(mian)通過泵(beng)站時，應切(qie)換成(cheng)泵(beng)到泵(beng)輸送(song)工藝(yi)；
根據油罐(guan)區的(de)建(jian)設和營運費用(yong)與混(hun)油貶(bian)值造成的(de)費用(yong)損(sun)失兩個(ge)方面進行(xing)綜合比(bi)較后(hou)，確定最佳(jia)循環次(ci)數。
（11）液(ye)(ye)態液(ye)(ye)化石(shi)油氣（LPG）管(guan)道輸送要求：
按(an)設(she)計(ji)(ji)委托書(shu)或設(she)計(ji)(ji)合同(tong)規定的液(ye)態(tai)液(ye)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)油氣輸量、組分與各組分的比例，進行液(ye)態(tai)液(ye)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)油氣管道(dao)系統(tong)輸送工藝設(she)計(ji)(ji)；
液態(tai)液化(hua)(hua)石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)(qi)在管道中(zhong)輸(shu)送時，沿線任何(he)一點的(de)壓力都(dou)必須高于輸(shu)送溫(wen)(wen)度下液化(hua)(hua)石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)飽(bao)和蒸氣(qi)(qi)壓。沿線各中(zhong)間站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)進站(zhan)(zhan)壓力應(ying)比同溫(wen)(wen)度下液化(hua)(hua)石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)飽(bao)和蒸氣(qi)(qi)壓力高1.0MPa，末站(zhan)(zhan)進儲(chu)罐(guan)前的(de)壓力應(ying)比同溫(wen)(wen)度下液化(hua)(hua)石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)飽(bao)和蒸氣(qi)(qi)壓力高0.5MPa。
液(ye)態液(ye)化石油氣在管(guan)道內的平均流速，應經(jing)技術經(jing)濟比較后確定(ding)，但(dan)要注意(yi)因管(guan)內摩阻升溫(wen)而(er)需(xu)另行(xing)冷卻的能耗，可取(qu)0.8～1.4m/s，但(dan)最大不應超過3m/s。
