2000年前后，隨著工程機械企業對材料要求的提高，鋼管生產廠家(jia)除了新建一批先進的軋管機組外，還逐步加大了熱處理線的投入，以實現材料多狀態的交付，改變了以前只有正火、退火、回火的狀態，這對高強度鋼管的研發也起到了很大的作用。目前具備鋼管調質能力的企業有：天津鋼管、寶鋼、衡陽鋼管、湖北新冶鋼、新興鑄管、鞍鋼等。其中天津鋼管擁有十條熱處理線，寶鋼、衡陽鋼管也都有多條熱處理線，規格范圍覆蓋外徑Φ48～720mm；湖北新冶鋼先后建設了四條熱處理線，規格可覆蓋外徑Φ51～533mm，是熱處理比較好的企業之一。這些生產線的建設，為我國開發更高強度級別的如Q500、Q550、Q620、Q690、Q770、Q890等低合金高強度鋼創造了條件。2018年新修訂的《結構用無縫鋼管》（GB／T 8162-2018）將上述大部分牌號納入標準，從而與國外先進標準EN10210-1、EN10297-1更加接近。至此，高強度工程機械用鋼的牌號、化學成分、力學性能要求等，基本上與國際先進標準接軌。

一、起(qi)重機臂架用無縫鋼(gang)管

  履帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)廣泛(fan)應用于橋(qiao)梁、發電設(she)備、煉油(you)設(she)備、風力發電機(ji)組以及(ji)海上工(gong)(gong)(gong)作平臺(tai)等(deng)項目的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，是工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械中(zhong)技術含量高、制(zhi)造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)復雜(za)、具有(you)獨(du)特性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)作業機(ji)械設(she)備。自(zi)2005年(nian)(nian)徐(xu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)集團率先研制(zhi)成功我(wo)國第(di)一臺(tai)300t級履帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)開始，我(wo)國履帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)的(de)(de)發展迅速向(xiang)大(da)噸位(wei)攀升。在2009年(nian)(nian)和2010年(nian)(nian)，徐(xu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)集團、中(zhong)聯(lian)重(zhong)(zhong)科、三一重(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和撫順挖(wa)掘機(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司連續推出千噸級履帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)。2011年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)，中(zhong)聯(lian)重(zhong)(zhong)科和三一重(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)又相繼(ji)推出3000t級以上大(da)型履帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)。2013年(nian)(nian)7月(yue)，徐(xu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)4000t級履帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)成功啟用，并將萬華煙臺(tai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業園高度(du)為118m、直(zhi)徑(jing)為14.4m、重(zhong)(zhong)量為1680t的(de)(de)丙烯塔吊裝就位(wei)，開啟了(le)中(zhong)國吊裝行業的(de)(de)新征程(cheng)。

作(zuo)為履帶(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)重(zhong)要部件的(de)(de)組合(he)臂(bei)(bei)架，是承載和(he)(he)輸送的(de)(de)關鍵部位(wei)，臂(bei)(bei)架一般是由(you)長度11m左右的(de)(de)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)作(zuo)為主弦臂(bei)(bei)管(guan)與腹臂(bei)(bei)管(guan)焊(han)接組合(he)而成。對于(yu)400t以上大(da)型履帶(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)的(de)(de)臂(bei)(bei)架，主弦管(guan)所(suo)使用的(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)外徑更(geng)大(da)、壁厚更(geng)厚、強(qiang)度更(geng)高(gao)，要求鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)不僅具(ju)有更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)強(qiang)度和(he)(he)韌性，同(tong)時由(you)于(yu)履帶(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)臂(bei)(bei)架全部由(you)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)焊(han)接而成，因此(ci)還要求鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)具(ju)有良好(hao)的(de)(de)焊(han)接性能。國內主要使用的(de)(de)770MPa和(he)(he)890MPa級高(gao)強(qiang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)，衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)、天津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)、新冶(ye)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、寶(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、鞍鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)產品已(yi)完(wan)全替代進口。天津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)已(yi)成功(gong)供貨屈服強(qiang)度960MPa級別臂(bei)(bei)架管(guan)。

二、旋挖機鉆(zhan)桿用無(wu)縫(feng)鋼管(guan)

  旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機是一(yi)(yi)種適合建筑(zhu)基礎工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中成(cheng)孔作(zuo)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機械。旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機與施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭之(zhi)間，傳遞扭矩、軸(zhou)向壓力(li)等(deng)載荷(he)，沿共同(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)心、逐節伸縮的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀結構(gou)。旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)由三到(dao)六根無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)經(jing)機加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、焊接后(hou)套(tao)裝而成(cheng)。其(qi)中，每根無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)構(gou)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)節鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)套(tao)筒(tong)，每節鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長度(du)(du)(du)(du)通(tong)常約10m左(zuo)右，直徑Φ159～630mm，壁厚8～45mm；每節鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)套(tao)筒(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)圓按120度(du)(du)(du)(du)均布焊接厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)x寬(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)約為(wei)20mmx50mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)長外(wai)鍵，每節鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)套(tao)筒(tong)下端內(nei)弧面上(shang)焊接了同(tong)(tong)樣厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)和寬(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)鍵（長約500～900mm）。為(wei)保(bao)證旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)機正常工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，要求盡(jin)量縮小(xiao)相(xiang)鄰鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)套(tao)筒(tong)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)隙，同(tong)(tong)時還要保(bao)證各節套(tao)筒(tong)能(neng)夠自(zi)由伸縮，這對套(tao)筒(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)偏差及形狀精度(du)(du)(du)(du)提出了特(te)殊要求。旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)制造(zao)(zao)，由于(yu)對鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)質量要求嚴、技術(shu)含量高，過去主要依靠從(cong)國外(wai)進(jin)口，目(mu)(mu)前國內(nei)生(sheng)產旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)機鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業有幾十家，國產品牌鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)已完全取代進(jin)口鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。國內(nei)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業和旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)生(sheng)產企(qi)業積(ji)累了豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗，現已形成(cheng)完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制造(zao)(zao)技術(shu)標準和鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)批(pi)量供貨能(neng)力(li)，攀(pan)成(cheng)鋼(gang)牽(qian)頭起草的(de)(de)(de)(de)《旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)機鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》（GB／T 34109--2017）國家標準已實施(shi)，衡陽鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和天津(jin)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)北京三一(yi)(yi)智造(zao)(zao)科技有限公(gong)司(si)開發的(de)(de)(de)(de)SY550和SY850旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，突破了目(mu)(mu)前旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)采(cai)購技術(shu)要求，將(jiang)新材料(liao)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在其(qi)第五代旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)上(shang)，將(jiang)旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)由2000h提升(sheng)到(dao)3000h以上(shang)，助推中國的(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)產品走在世界前列。