空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)器(qi)（簡稱空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器(qi)）是以環境空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)作(zuo)為冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)介質，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)高溫工(gong)藝流體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)，也稱空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)。管內的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)流體(ti)通(tong)(tong)過管壁(bi)和(he)翅片(pian)與(yu)管外(wai)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)進行換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)，所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)由通(tong)(tong)風機(ji)(ji)供給。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)器(qi)可用(yong)于冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)或冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于：煉(lian)油(you)、石(shi)油(you)化(hua)工(gong)塔頂蒸氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)；回流油(you)、塔底油(you)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)；各種反應生成物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)；循環氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)和(he)電站汽輪機(ji)(ji)排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)。工(gong)作(zuo)壓(ya)力可達69MPa。但耗電量(liang)、噪聲和(he)占地(di)面積均大，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)效果受(shou)氣(qi)(qi)候變化(hua)影響較大。空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器(qi)標(biao)準主(zhu)要有API 661《煉(lian)油(you)廠用(yong)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)》、ISO 13706《石(shi)油(you)、石(shi)化(hua)和(he)天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)業風冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)》、GB／T 15386《空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)》等。
1. 空(kong)氣冷卻器的結構
空氣冷卻器主要由管束、通風(feng)機(ji)、構架及百葉窗等組成，如圖7.12所(suo)示(shi)。
空氣(qi)冷卻器管(guan)束(shu)包括傳(chuan)熱(re)管(guan)、管(guan)箱、側(ce)梁和橫(heng)梁等。它可按臥(wo)式(shi)、立式(shi)和斜頂式(shi)（人字(zi)式(shi)）3種基本形(xing)式(shi)布置(zhi)，見圖7.13。其中，臥(wo)式(shi)布置(zhi)傳(chuan)熱(re)面積大，空氣(qi)分布均勻，傳(chuan)熱(re)效果(guo)好；斜頂式(shi)布置(zhi)時，通風(feng)機安裝在人字(zi)中央空間，占地面積小，結構緊(jin)湊。為抵(di)消空氣(qi)側(ce)的給熱(re)系數較(jiao)低的影響(xiang)，通常采用光管(guan)外壁(bi)裝翅片(pian)的管(guan)子。
2. 空冷器(qi)的(de)分類(lei)
①. 按空(kong)冷器(qi)(qi)管束布(bu)置(zhi)形式(shi)分類(lei)：水平式(shi)全冷器(qi)(qi)；斜(xie)頂式(shi)空(kong)冷器(qi)(qi)；立(li)式(shi)空(kong)冷器(qi)(qi)；圓環式(shi)空(kong)冷器(qi)(qi)。
②. 按(an)空冷(leng)器通(tong)風方式(shi)分(fen)類：自(zi)然通(tong)風式(shi)全冷(leng)器；鼓(gu)風式(shi)空冷(leng)器；引風式(shi)空冷(leng)器。
③. 按(an)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)卻(que)方式分(fen)類：干(gan)式全冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)：濕(shi)式空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；干(gan)濕(shi)聯(lian)合(he)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；兩側噴淋聯(lian)合(he)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。
④. 按空冷器風量控制方(fang)式分類：百葉窗(chuang)調節式全冷器；可(ke)變(bian)角調節式空冷器；電動機調速式空冷器。
圖(tu)7.14所示為不同類型空冷器示意圖(tu)。
3. 空冷器的優點(dian)與缺(que)點(dian)
