懸臂支架(jia)(jia)常用(yong)于管道的(de)承(cheng)重或導(dao)向(xiang)。此類支架(jia)(jia)是應用(yong)比(bi)較多的(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)支架(jia)(jia)形式，支架(jia)(jia)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類也比(bi)較多。按(an)生根(gen)條件分(fen)(fen)(fen)，可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)生根(gen)在鋼結構(gou)梁柱(zhu)上(shang)的(de)懸臂支架(jia)(jia)和生根(gen)在設備上(shang)的(de)懸臂支架(jia)(jia)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按(an)有無(wu)斜撐(cheng)來分(fen)(fen)(fen)則分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)懸臂式和三(san)角式兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按(an)支承(cheng)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)來分(fen)(fen)(fen)則分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)承(cheng)重型和導(dao)向(xiang)型兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按(an)懸臂的(de)數量(liang)來分(fen)(fen)(fen)則分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)單肢型和雙肢型兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

1. 在鋼結(jie)構梁(liang)柱上生(sheng)根(gen)的懸(xuan)臂支(zhi)架 此類支(zhi)架常見類型(xing)如圖(tu)9-33所示。

  圖9-33中共給出了A、B、C三種(zhong)形式。A型常用(yong)于支(zhi)承荷(he)(he)載(zai)較(jiao)小的(de)(de)情況(kuang)，其長度(du)L最大(da)(da)一般不宜(yi)超過600mm。B型、C型常用(yong)于支(zhi)承荷(he)(he)載(zai)較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)，其長度(du)L最大(da)(da)一般不宜(yi)超過1200mm。支(zhi)架(jia)承受的(de)(de)荷(he)(he)載(zai)大(da)(da)小視所選(xuan)用(yong)型鋼的(de)(de)規格和荷(he)(he)載(zai)作用(yong)點到梁柱的(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)而定。

  這(zhe)類(lei)支架一(yi)般均用(yong)角鋼(gang)(gang)、槽(cao)鋼(gang)(gang)等(deng)做受力部件。它可與滑動管(guan)托、導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)管(guan)托等(deng)配合使(shi)用(yong)，分(fen)別用(yong)于水(shui)平保(bao)溫管(guan)道的(de)承(cheng)重和(he)導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，也(ye)可與固定(ding)管(guan)托、導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)管(guan)托、管(guan)卡等(deng)配合使(shi)用(yong)，分(fen)別用(yong)于垂直保(bao)溫管(guan)道的(de)承(cheng)重和(he)導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)及光管(guan)的(de)承(cheng)重（僅限(xian)于DN≤40mm的(de)情況(kuang)）和(he)導向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。

2. 在設備(bei)上(shang)生根(gen)的(de)懸臂支(zhi)架 此類支(zhi)架常(chang)用于沿立式(shi)設備(bei)（如(ru)塔(ta)、罐等）上(shang)敷設的(de)豎直管道的(de)承重和導(dao)向。常(chang)見的(de)形式(shi)如(ru)圖9-34所示。

  圖9-34中共給出了(le)A、B、C、D四種形(xing)式，它們的適用場合分述如下。

  A型一般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)DN≤150mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下。它通過(guo)與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡、固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、滑動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配合，分別(bie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)光(guang)(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)（帶支(zhi)耳(er)時）、光(guang)(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導向(xiang)、保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和導向(xiang)。當(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)時，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡或(huo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺栓孔應(ying)為(wei)橫向(xiang)橢圓形，以適(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)有少(shao)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫向(xiang)位移(yi)(yi)。B型一般適(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)DN200mm～350mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方法(fa)同A型。C型適(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)DN=400~600mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)。當(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)時，雙肢(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)應(ying)加大(da)一些，以適(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)隔熱(re)厚度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)時，雙肢(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)應(ying)盡可能(neng)小。D型適(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)DN＝400mm~600mm 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導向(xiang)。 當(dang)(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)時，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)四(si)周應(ying)有滑動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)，且管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)高度應(ying)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)厚度。當(dang)(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)時，應(ying)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)去掉并代之(zhi)以厚度為(wei)4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼板(ban)，以防止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)發生位移(yi)(yi)時，支(zhi)架劃(hua)傷(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。無論(lun)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)與否，都(dou)應(ying)控制支(zhi)架內壁與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)或(huo)鋼板(ban)之(zhi)間有不大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)3mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙。

  上(shang)述形(xing)式(shi)均適用(yong)于設備不允(yun)許(xu)現場(chang)焊(han)接(jie)的(de)情況。當(dang)設備允(yun)許(xu)現場(chang)焊(han)接(jie)時，可將生根部件(jian)換成貼合(he)鋼(gang)墊(dian)板，而中間支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)直接(jie)焊(han)在(zai)貼合(he)鋼(gang)墊(dian)板上(shang)即可，這樣處(chu)理的(de)結果可以簡化支(zhi)架形(xing)式(shi)，也便于減少支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)誤差，同時增(zeng)加(jia)了支(zhi)架的(de)可靠性。