懸臂支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)常用(yong)于(yu)管(guan)道的(de)(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)或導向(xiang)。此類(lei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)是(shi)應用(yong)比較多的(de)(de)一種(zhong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)形式(shi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei)也比較多。按生根條件(jian)分(fen)(fen)，可分(fen)(fen)為生根在(zai)鋼結構梁柱(zhu)上的(de)(de)懸臂支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)和生根在(zai)設備上的(de)(de)懸臂支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)兩(liang)種(zhong)；按有(you)無斜撐(cheng)來(lai)分(fen)(fen)則(ze)(ze)分(fen)(fen)為懸臂式(shi)和三角式(shi)兩(liang)種(zhong)；按支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)來(lai)分(fen)(fen)則(ze)(ze)分(fen)(fen)為承(cheng)重(zhong)型和導向(xiang)型兩(liang)種(zhong)；按懸臂的(de)(de)數量來(lai)分(fen)(fen)則(ze)(ze)分(fen)(fen)為單肢型和雙肢型兩(liang)種(zhong)。

1. 在(zai)鋼(gang)結構梁柱上生根(gen)的懸(xuan)臂支架 此類(lei)支架常見類(lei)型如(ru)圖9-33所示。

  圖9-33中共給出了A、B、C三(san)種形式。A型(xing)常用于(yu)支承荷(he)載(zai)(zai)較(jiao)小的情況，其長度L最(zui)(zui)大一(yi)(yi)般不(bu)宜超(chao)過(guo)600mm。B型(xing)、C型(xing)常用于(yu)支承荷(he)載(zai)(zai)較(jiao)大的情況，其長度L最(zui)(zui)大一(yi)(yi)般不(bu)宜超(chao)過(guo)1200mm。支架(jia)承受的荷(he)載(zai)(zai)大小視所選用型(xing)鋼的規格和荷(he)載(zai)(zai)作用點(dian)到梁柱的距離而定。

  這類(lei)支(zhi)架一般(ban)均用(yong)(yong)角鋼(gang)、槽鋼(gang)等做受(shou)力(li)部件(jian)。它可與滑動管(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、導向(xiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)等配合(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，分(fen)別用(yong)(yong)于(yu)水平保(bao)溫(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道的承(cheng)重(zhong)和(he)導向(xiang)，也可與固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、導向(xiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)卡等配合(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，分(fen)別用(yong)(yong)于(yu)垂(chui)直保(bao)溫(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道的承(cheng)重(zhong)和(he)導向(xiang)及光管(guan)(guan)(guan)的承(cheng)重(zhong)（僅限(xian)于(yu)DN≤40mm的情況）和(he)導向(xiang)。

2. 在設備(bei)上生根的(de)懸臂支架 此類支架常(chang)用于沿立式(shi)設備(bei)（如(ru)塔、罐等）上敷設的(de)豎直管道的(de)承(cheng)重和(he)導(dao)向。常(chang)見(jian)的(de)形式(shi)如(ru)圖9-34所示。

  圖9-34中共(gong)給出了A、B、C、D四種形式，它們的適用場合(he)分(fen)述如(ru)下。

  A型(xing)一般用(yong)于(yu)DN≤150mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)下。它通(tong)過與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)、固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配合，分別用(yong)于(yu)光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)（帶支耳(er)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)）、光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)向(xiang)、保溫(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)和導(dao)向(xiang)。當用(yong)于(yu)承(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)或(huo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配合的(de)(de)(de)(de)螺栓孔應(ying)(ying)(ying)為(wei)橫向(xiang)橢圓形，以(yi)(yi)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)有(you)少(shao)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)橫向(xiang)位移。B型(xing)一般適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)DN200mm～350mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)下，使用(yong)方法同A型(xing)。C型(xing)適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)DN=400~600mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)承(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)。當用(yong)于(yu)保溫(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，雙肢(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離應(ying)(ying)(ying)加大一些，以(yi)(yi)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)隔熱(re)厚(hou)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)不保溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，雙肢(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離應(ying)(ying)(ying)盡可能小。D型(xing)適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)DN＝400mm~600mm 的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)導(dao)向(xiang)。 當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)有(you)保溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)四周應(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)，且(qie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)高度應(ying)(ying)(ying)大于(yu)保溫(wen)(wen)厚(hou)度。當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)不保溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)去掉并代之以(yi)(yi)厚(hou)度為(wei)4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)，以(yi)(yi)防止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)發生(sheng)位移時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，支架劃傷(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)。無論保溫(wen)(wen)與否，都應(ying)(ying)(ying)控(kong)制(zhi)支架內壁與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)或(huo)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)之間有(you)不大于(yu)3mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙。

  上(shang)述形(xing)式(shi)均適用于設(she)備不允(yun)許(xu)現場(chang)焊接(jie)的情況(kuang)。當設(she)備允(yun)許(xu)現場(chang)焊接(jie)時，可(ke)(ke)將生根(gen)部件(jian)換(huan)成貼合鋼(gang)墊板(ban)，而中間(jian)支(zhi)承(cheng)件(jian)直接(jie)焊在貼合鋼(gang)墊板(ban)上(shang)即可(ke)(ke)，這樣處理的結果可(ke)(ke)以簡化支(zhi)架形(xing)式(shi)，也(ye)便(bian)于減(jian)少支(zhi)承(cheng)誤差，同時增加了支(zhi)架的可(ke)(ke)靠性。