影響埋弧焊接不銹鋼管操作因素主要有以下兩點:


一、焊絲(si)傾斜方向(xiang)的影響  


   焊絲傾斜方向分為前傾和后傾兩種,如圖4-21所示。焊絲傾角的大小不同,電弧對熔池的力和熱作用也就不同,從而影響到焊縫成形。當焊絲以一定傾角向后傾時,電弧力對熔池金屬的后緣作用減弱,熔池底部的金屬受熱減少,故熔深變淺,如圖4-21(c)所示。后傾角愈大,熔深愈淺,而熔寬增寬。相反,當焊絲做適當前傾時,可少許增加熔深。焊絲前傾斜通常較少采用,只有在特定情況下使用,如焊接小直徑圓筒形焊件的環焊縫時采用這種方法。




二、焊(han)縫傾角(inclination of weld axis,焊(han)縫軸線與水平面(mian)之間的夾角)對焊(han)縫成形(xing)的影響


  焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)件(jian)在(zai)傾斜位置焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi),有上(shang)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)和下(xia)(xia)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)之分,如圖4-22所(suo)示。上(shang)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)、下(xia)(xia)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)對焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫成形(xing)(xing)的影(ying)響明顯地不同(tong)。上(shang)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)時(shi),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫余高(gao)過(guo)高(gao),兩側(ce)易出(chu)現咬邊(bian),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫表面(mian)成形(xing)(xing)明顯惡化,實際(ji)工(gong)作中應避免采(cai)用上(shang)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)。下(xia)(xia)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)與上(shang)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)相反,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫的熔(rong)深和余高(gao)均(jun)有所(suo)減(jian)小,而(er)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫寬(kuan)度略有增(zeng)加,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫成形(xing)(xing)得到(dao)改善。在(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)圓(yuan)筒(tong)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)件(jian)的內、外環焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫時(shi),一(yi)般均(jun)采(cai)用下(xia)(xia)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han),以減(jian)少發生燒(shao)穿(chuan)的現象,并(bing)改善焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫成形(xing)(xing)。但焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)坡(po)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的角度過(guo)大時(shi),熔(rong)深減(jian)小可能產生未焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)透焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)缺陷。











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