當不銹鋼管浮銹較厚，首先用錘子等敲擊手動工具除掉鋼管表面上的厚銹，使銹層脫落。然后使用鋼絲刷、鋼砂布或鏟刀等手工工具刮或磨，除掉表面上所有銹蝕層，待露出金屬本色后再用棉紗拉、刷干凈。


  動(dong)(dong)(dong)力工具為由(you)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)的旋轉方式或沖擊式除銹工具，如可以(yi)使用圓盤狀的鋼絲(si)刷(shua)(shua)。鋼絲(si)刷(shua)(shua)通(tong)過軟軸有電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)。如圖 2-1所(suo)示，鋼絲(si)刷(shua)(shua)的直徑根據不同的清(qing)洗管徑而更換(huan)，清(qing)洗管段(duan)可長達12米。


圖 1.jpg


  圖 2-2 所示(shi)為離心(xin)式鋼(gang)管(guan)除銹機(ji)，可(ke)同(tong)時清除不銹鋼(gang)管(guan)內(nei)外壁的(de)氧化皮或疏松的(de)銹。該機(ji)是(shi)利用離心(xin)力的(de)原理制成的(de)。主要機(ji)件有鋼(gang)管(guan)小車(che)、砂輪機(ji)架、傳動機(ji)構及手動卷楊機(ji)等。


圖 2.jpg


   除銹不銹鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)用吊車(che)(che)安放在(zai)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)小車(che)(che)上(shang)，在(zai)小車(che)(che)的尾(wei)部(bu)用鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)繩直接通過輕便鐵軌上(shang)的導向(xiang)滑(hua)輪與(yu)手動(dong)卷楊機相(xiang)連。小車(che)(che)上(shang)安裝1.7KW電動(dong)機，經減速器用鏈條帶(dai)動(dong)托輥使管(guan)子轉動(dong)，轉速為15～20r/mm。在(zai)臥(wo)裝砂輪機圓盤鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)刷(shua)的摩擦作用下，去除鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)外壁的銹蝕。臥(wo)裝砂輪和圓盤鋼(gang)(gang)絲(si)刷(shua)裝在(zai)砂輪機架上(shang)。


  當電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)時，通過十字接(jie)頭帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸，主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸通過 2~3 副(fu)滾珠軸承(cheng)，支撐在(zai)套(tao)管里，套(tao)管支撐在(zai)裝有托輥的(de)(de)活動(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)車上，主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸的(de)(de)端部(bu)兩塊鋼絲刷緊密的(de)(de)接(jie)觸管壁(bi)，摩擦管壁(bi)鐵(tie)銹，同(tong)時壓(ya)縮(suo)空氣管將(jiang)除下的(de)(de)氧(yang)化鐵(tie)銹隨時吹出(chu)管外。整個管子(zi)的(de)(de)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)，進(jin)或退，是以(yi) 800~1000 mm/min的(de)(de)速度推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鋼管小(xiao)車在(zai)輪軌上行(xing)駛來實現(xian)的(de)(de)。


  操作時(shi)，兩(liang)(liang)手搖卷(juan)揚(yang)機，使鋼管(guan)(guan)小(xiao)(xiao)車(che)移到管(guan)(guan)端，進入主傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)鋼絲刷的同時(shi)開(kai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)兩(liang)(liang)電機及壓縮空氣閥門，開(kai)始除(chu)銹(xiu)。這(zhe)時(shi)主傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)的活動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)滾珠軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)支(zhi)撐在不銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)里，這(zhe)個活動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)滾珠軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)不管(guan)(guan)鋼管(guan)(guan)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、前進或后(hou)(hou)退，它(ta)(ta)都(dou)可(ke)以四(si)面八方隨(sui)著轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而且(qie)當作傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)的一(yi)個支(zhi)點。管(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)再向前移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)，活動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)門形支(zhi)架倒(dao)下(xia)，活動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)(xiao)車(che)靠管(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)的前進推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)它(ta)(ta)的前進。除(chu)銹(xiu)到頭(tou)時(shi)，手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)卷(juan)揚(yang)機倒(dao)轉(zhuan)，管(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)后(hou)(hou)退，再次除(chu)一(yi)遍銹(xiu)。這(zhe)一(yi)過程歷(li)時(shi)約15分鐘(zhong)。


  采用離(li)心式鋼管除(chu)銹機可比人(ren)工、噴（拋）射除(chu)銹提高工效(xiao)5倍，并保證清(qing)除(chu)質量。不銹鋼(gang)管表面上(shang)動(dong)(dong)力工(gong)具(ju)不(bu)能達到(dao)的地方，可以用(yong)手動(dong)(dong)工(gong)具(ju)做補充處理。如果(guo)用(yong)沖(chong)擊式工(gong)具(ju)除銹時，不(bu)應造成鋼管的損傷；用(yong)旋轉式工(gong)具(ju)除銹時，不(bu)宜(yi)將表面磨得(de)過光。