1. 制(zhi)定(ding)標準的意義
GB/T 34107-2017為首次制定，主編(bian)單位為江蘇銀環精密鋼(gang)管有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)，參加起草單位有(you)(you)江蘇武進不(bu)銹(xiu)股(gu)份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)國鐵道科學研(yan)究院標準(zhun)計量研(yan)究所、上海奉賢鋼(gang)管廠有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、山西太鋼(gang)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)鋼(gang)管有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)車(che)株(zhu)洲(zhou)電力機車(che)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)車(che)大連機車(che)車(che)輛有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)車(che)青島四(si)方機車(che)車(che)輛股(gu)份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、冶金工(gong)業信息標準(zhun)研(yan)究院。
制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)軌道(dao)交(jiao)通車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)安全營運的(de)(de)(de)關鍵設備。制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力源為壓縮空氣或(huo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)液，精密不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)管是(shi)用(yong)來輸送(song)壓縮空氣或(huo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)液，實現制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)載體(ti)。制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)對精密不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)管的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)非常(chang)嚴格，其(qi)質(zhi)量直接(jie)影響(xiang)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)性能。制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)各種閥(fa)類零件(jian)對精密不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)管內表面的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)潔度要(yao)求(qiu)非常(chang)高(gao)(gao)，不(bu)允許內表面存在(zai)異物、氧化皮(pi)脫落、銹(xiu)(xiu)蝕(shi)等(deng)缺陷存在(zai)。否則會造成(cheng)閥(fa)部件(jian)堵塞，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作失靈，造成(cheng)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)故障(zhang)，從(cong)而危及行(xing)車(che)(che)安全。軌道(dao)交(jiao)通車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)管每臺／節機車(che)(che)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)大致使用(yong)300公斤(jin)左右。鋼(gang)管在(zai)軌道(dao)交(jiao)通車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)組裝(zhuang)過(guo)程(cheng)中，通常(chang)會進行(xing)彎制(zhi)(zhi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、預裝(zhuang)卡套(tao)、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管螺紋、焊接(jie)、機加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)。在(zai)經過(guo)這些工(gong)(gong)(gong)業過(guo)程(cheng)之后，鋼(gang)管不(bu)應開(kai)裂、起皺(zhou)，或(huo)有超過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)缺陷存在(zai)。軌道(dao)交(jiao)通車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)運行(xing)環境復雜，接(jie)觸風、霜、雨、雪、粉塵(chen)、煤塵(chen)、紫外線(xian)等(deng)；還能夠(gou)遇到(dao)弱酸、弱堿等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)況。目前，鐵(tie)路(lu)機車(che)(che)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)運行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)路(lu)越來越長（例如(ru)從(cong)哈爾濱到(dao)廣州），氣候變化劇烈，對制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)鋼(gang)管的(de)(de)(de)耐候性能提(ti)出了(le)更(geng)高(gao)(gao)要(yao)求(qiu)。軌道(dao)交(jiao)通車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)在(zai)日常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)養過(guo)程(cheng)中，制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)部分管路(lu)可能會直接(jie)接(jie)觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)業清(qing)(qing)洗劑。這些都(dou)對機車(che)(che)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼(gang)管的(de)(de)(de)抗腐(fu)蝕(shi)、強(qiang)度等(deng)性能提(ti)出了(le)很高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。
本標準制定前，軌道交通車輛制動系統用精密不(bu)銹鋼(gang)無縫鋼(gang)管(guan)沒有統一的國家標準，用戶訂貨基本上都引用了歐盟或德國的標準。本標準的制定，有利于高端裝備制造用原材料的國產化。該標準適用于軌道交通車輛（機車、動車組、城軌車輛、客貨運車輛等）空氣或液壓制動系統用精密奧氏體不銹鋼無縫鋼管。
2. 主要技術內(nei)容
鋼管外徑尺寸范圍為6～48.3mm，壁厚為1.0～4.0mm。外徑范圍6～30mm的允許偏差為±0.08mm；壁厚范圍＞1.5～2.5mm的允許偏差為±0.15mm。鋼的牌號包括06Cr19Ni10、022Cr19Ni10、06Cr17Ni12Mo2、022Cr17Ni12Mo2、06Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti、06Cr18Ni11Ti等6個牌號。鋼管采用冷拔（軋）無縫方法制造，以光亮固溶處理狀態交貨。力學性能要求包括拉伸和硬度。鋼管應進行液壓、壓扁、彎曲、擴口、晶間腐蝕和無損等檢驗。鋼管的內外表面應清潔、光亮、色澤均勻，無氧化皮等異物，表面粗糙度Ra應不大于3.2μm。采用不低于0.8MPa的干燥潔凈壓縮空氣逐根吹掃鋼管內表面，不應吹出任何肉眼可見的固態或液態雜物。鋼管使用木箱包裝，防護應符合鐵路標準TB/T 3218的規定，并采用外套式管帽。鋼管采用噴標方式每隔2米重復標識。鋼管的并應采用防水防潮的箱式包裝。
3. 國內外標準對比及標準水平
和《壓(ya)力用途(tu)的無(wu)縫鋼管(guan)交貨技術條(tiao)件(jian)第5部分不銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)》（EN 10216-5）、《精(jing)密用途(tu)的鋼管(guan)交貨技術條(tiao)件(jian)第1部分無(wu)縫冷拔管(guan)》（EN10305-1）等標(biao)(biao)準相比，本(ben)標(biao)(biao)準在尺寸(cun)允(yun)許偏差(cha)、表面質量、化學(xue)成(cheng)分、工藝性能、無(wu)損檢(jian)測、包裝等方面的要求更加明確、具體和嚴格。本(ben)標(biao)(biao)準為國際先(xian)進水平。
