1. 紐(niu)扣電池和(he)電池殼(ke)體(ti)

一(yi)般的干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)為錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)或堿電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，其殼體使用(yong)表面(mian)處(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai)再經過涂(tu)裝即可，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)子精密儀器所使用(yong)的紐扣(kou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)用(yong)材(cai)，處(chu)于(yu)表面(mian)處(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)板和(he)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)板的競爭的狀態(tai)。在紐扣(kou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)，有堿電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、氧化銀電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、二氧化錳鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)空氣鋅電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等各種類型電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。

不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼具有(you)耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)，適合(he)制作電(dian)池殼體。但(dan)由于耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕的(de)氧(yang)化膜而使導電(dian)性(xing)惡化，因(yin)此多使用(yong)(yong)(yong)鍍(du)鎳的(de)表(biao)面處理鋼(gang)板。不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)亦可以用(yong)(yong)(yong)于廉價(jia)的(de)玩具類(lei)產品，但(dan)在高性(xing)能(neng)產品中(zhong)(zhong)，則(ze)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)鍍(du)鎳的(de)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)。在電(dian)池種(zhong)類(lei)當中(zhong)(zhong)，氧(yang)化銀電(dian)池，二氧(yang)化錳鋰(li)電(dian)池應用(yong)(yong)(yong)較廣。鍍(du)鎳不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)的(de)代表(biao)型鋼(gang)種(zhong)SUS304鍍(du)鎳后，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)者較多。最近為了降低生產成本，轉(zhuan)為使用(yong)(yong)(yong)鐵素體系列的(de)SUS430不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)鍍(du)鎳。

 2. 鋰離子電池殼(ke)體

 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)小型(xing)(xing)鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)材(cai)料中，有表(biao)(biao)面處理(li)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)、不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)和鋁三方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)競爭(zheng)(zheng)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)開發初期，因為鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)爆(bao)炸危險性，所以(yi)，對表(biao)(biao)面處理(li)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)和不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)作為殼(ke)體(ti)材(cai)料而展開研討(tao)論(lun)證。因為小型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)是長方(fang)(fang)體(ti)，像使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)完畢而扔掉(diao)的(de)(de)打火機那樣(yang)形狀，雖(sui)然使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)表(biao)(biao)面處理(li)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)并具備沖壓成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)性優勢，但在(zai)(zai)(zai)常溫下，靈活(huo)充分地使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)沖壓機床，開發多種工(gong)藝方(fang)(fang)式的(de)(de)沖壓技(ji)術(shu)，可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)進行(xing)(xing)超(chao)深(shen)度拉深(shen)工(gong)藝，制造出不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)產(chan)品化(hua)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)。近(jin)來，在(zai)(zai)(zai)數碼照相機和手機使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)，考慮到輕量化(hua)，則鋁殼(ke)體(ti)鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)亦(yi)產(chan)品化(hua)了，在(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai)料制造技(ji)術(shu)中，東京都大田(tian)區的(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)實力很強。沖壓行(xing)(xing)業人員采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)超(chao)深(shen)拉深(shen)進行(xing)(xing)生產(chan)制造。可(ke)以(yi)說鋁和不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)行(xing)(xing)業存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著激烈(lie)的(de)(de)材(cai)料競爭(zheng)(zheng)。

 大型(xing)(xing)(xing)鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，曾(ceng)以NEDO為中心(xin)，聯合電(dian)(dian)池(chi)生(sheng)產廠(chang)家參與(yu)，分別開發了(le)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)定(ding)置型(xing)(xing)(xing)。圓柱形(xing)和(he)長(chang)方體形(xing)的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)殼(ke)體，使用(yong)(yong)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)材料(liao)(liao)。圓柱形(xing)使用(yong)(yong)激(ji)光焊接(jie)制造殼(ke)體，長(chang)方體形(xing)則采用(yong)(yong)超深拉深工藝(yi)進行加(jia)工，而盒(he)蓋使用(yong)(yong)激(ji)光焊接(jie)進行接(jie)合。雖然正處于(yu)開發階(jie)段，但已經決定(ding)在(zai)(zai)2010年在(zai)(zai)主力(li)客機波音789上(shang)(shang)，裝(zhuang)設這種鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。所用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)種為SUS304、SUS304L不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)，板厚(hou)為0.6-0.8mm,在(zai)(zai)常(chang)溫下利(li)用(yong)(yong)多道工序沖壓成形(xing)。期望在(zai)(zai)市區(qu)內行駛的電(dian)(dian)力(li)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)而在(zai)(zai)郊區(qu)是使用(yong)(yong)汽油(you)作(zuo)為燃料(liao)(liao)進行驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的兩種動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)汽車(che)，或電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車(che)上(shang)(shang)，作(zuo)為二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，在(zai)(zai)實用(yong)(yong)化(hua)方面取得了(le)顯著進展(zhan)。從鍍層鋼(gang)板到不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)的不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)化(hua)的重點是加(jia)工性(xing)和(he)耐腐蝕性(xing)。