不(bu)銹鋼管立(li)式穿孔機具有各種不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)結構，采用何種結構取決于其不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)用途。

  若用于實(shi)心坯料穿孔(kong)的(de)(de)穿孔(kong)機，通常具有安裝在同一導向裝置上(shang)的(de)(de)兩個活動(dong)(dong)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)，其中一個橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)安裝有鐓(dui)粗(cu)坯料用的(de)(de)鐓(dui)粗(cu)桿(gan)，也稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)鐓(dui)粗(cu)梁(liang)(liang)；另一個活動(dong)(dong)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)上(shang)安裝有穿孔(kong)桿(gan)，即(ji)稱(cheng)(cheng)穿孔(kong)梁(liang)(liang)。兩個橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)可以同時(shi)或者單獨(du)地工作或移動(dong)(dong)。

  若采(cai)用擴孔(kong)工藝(yi)時，沒有鐓(dui)粗(cu)工序，則可以簡(jian)化穿孔(kong)機的(de)結構(gou)，兩個動梁并為一(yi)個，僅作為擴孔(kong)頭(tou)在穿孔(kong)筒中(zhong)的(de)對中(zhong)，即具(ju)有短(duan)行程的(de)附加(jia)動梁。

  一般最為常用的不銹鋼管穿孔機用于分別完成穿孔和擴孔兩個工序。

   穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)按其(qi)結構形(xing)式(shi)可以分為三(san)類：有(you)(you)一個固定穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)；有(you)(you)一個移動穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)和具有(you)(you)多(duo)工位的(de)(de)(de)旋轉或移動穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)座的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)。日(ri)本的(de)(de)(de)神戶制鋼還安裝了有(you)(you)3個穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)結構的(de)(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)。

  表8-23為穿(chuan)孔機(ji)的能(neng)(neng)(neng)力與擠壓(ya)機(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力的匹(pi)配(pei)情況(kuang)，表8-24為國外部分立(li)式穿(chuan)孔機(ji)的主要(yao)技(ji)術性能(neng)(neng)(neng)。

  圖8-27所示(shi)為立式(shi)單筒(tong)固(gu)定式(shi)穿孔機(ji)的結構示(shi)意圖，此種穿孔機(ji)設備(bei)高度高，裝(zhuang)出(chu)料間隙(xi)時(shi)間長(chang)，被認(ren)為是一(yi)種陳舊的結構。

  近代也有采用4工位雙穿(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)移動式(shi)或旋轉式(shi)立式(shi)穿(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)結(jie)構(gou)（圖8-28)。這(zhe)種(zhong)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)立式(shi)穿(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)，采用2個穿(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)交替作業(ye)，裝出料和穿(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內襯(chen)的(de)(de)清理都在穿(chuan)孔(kong)中心線(xian)之(zhi)外進(jin)行。因(yin)此(ci)，不僅使(shi)穿(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)高(gao)度降低，同時降低了(le)(le)廠房設施的(de)(de)高(gao)度，而(er)且也提高(gao)了(le)(le)設備的(de)(de)使(shi)用效率(lv)。但(dan)是(shi)，隨之(zhi)穿(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)快速和精(jing)(jing)確定位及固定比較(jiao)困難，搞得不好會影響穿(chuan)孔(kong)后空心坯(pi)壁厚的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)度。

 雙穿(chuan)(chuan)孔筒結構的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔機，穿(chuan)(chuan)孔筒具有4個工(gong)位(wei)，在這些工(gong)位(wei)上依次完成以下工(gong)序：把穿(chuan)(chuan)孔坯(pi)(pi)料裝入穿(chuan)(chuan)孔筒，進(jin)行(xing)坯(pi)(pi)料的(de)鐓粗和穿(chuan)(chuan)孔，從穿(chuan)(chuan)孔筒中頂出空心坯(pi)(pi)，進(jin)行(xing)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔筒內襯(chen)的(de)清理。

 美國 Lone Star鋼(gang)廠55MN（5500t)臥式(shi)鋼(gang)管擠(ji)壓機相配套的(de)25MN(2500t)立式(shi)穿孔機的(de)主(zhu)要性能如(ru)下：

 穿孔機配置有自動控制系統，可用于：（1)管坯(pi)的鐓粗和穿孔；（2)帶預鉆孔和錐(zhui)形輔助孔坯(pi)料(liao)的擴孔。