不(bu)銹鋼管(guan)立(li)式穿(chuan)孔機(ji)具有(you)各(ge)種不(bu)同的結(jie)構，采用何種結(jie)構取(qu)決于其(qi)不(bu)同的用途。
若用于實(shi)心坯料穿(chuan)(chuan)孔的穿(chuan)(chuan)孔機，通常(chang)具(ju)有(you)安裝(zhuang)在同(tong)(tong)一導向裝(zhuang)置(zhi)上(shang)的兩(liang)個(ge)活動橫梁(liang)，其(qi)中一個(ge)橫梁(liang)安裝(zhuang)有(you)鐓粗(cu)坯料用的鐓粗(cu)桿，也稱為鐓粗(cu)梁(liang)；另(ling)一個(ge)活動橫梁(liang)上(shang)安裝(zhuang)有(you)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔桿，即(ji)稱穿(chuan)(chuan)孔梁(liang)。兩(liang)個(ge)橫梁(liang)可(ke)以同(tong)(tong)時或(huo)者單(dan)獨地工作(zuo)或(huo)移(yi)動。
若采用(yong)擴孔工藝時(shi)，沒有鐓粗工序，則可以簡化穿(chuan)(chuan)孔機的結構，兩個(ge)動(dong)梁(liang)并為(wei)一個(ge)，僅作為(wei)擴孔頭(tou)在穿(chuan)(chuan)孔筒中的對中，即具有短行程的附(fu)加(jia)動(dong)梁(liang)。
一般最為常用的不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管穿孔機用于分別完成穿孔和擴孔兩個工序。
穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機按其結構形式(shi)可以分為(wei)三類：有一個固(gu)定(ding)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機；有一個移動(dong)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機和具有多工(gong)位的旋轉或移動(dong)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)座(zuo)的多穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)形式(shi)的穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機。日本的神(shen)戶制鋼(gang)還安裝了(le)有3個穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的多穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)結構的穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機。
表8-23為(wei)穿(chuan)孔機的能力(li)(li)與擠壓機能力(li)(li)的匹配情況，表8-24為(wei)國(guo)外部分立式(shi)穿(chuan)孔機的主要技術性能。
圖8-27所示為立式(shi)單(dan)筒固定式(shi)穿孔機的(de)結(jie)構示意圖，此種穿孔機設備高(gao)度高(gao)，裝出料間(jian)隙時間(jian)長，被認為是一種陳舊(jiu)的(de)結(jie)構。
近代也有采(cai)用4工(gong)位(wei)雙穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒移動式(shi)或旋轉式(shi)立式(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機結(jie)構（圖(tu)8-28)。這種結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)立式(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機，采(cai)用2個穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒交替(ti)作業，裝出料和穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒內襯(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清理都在穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)中心線之外(wai)進行。因(yin)此，不僅(jin)使穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度降低(di)(di)，同時降低(di)(di)了(le)廠(chang)房(fang)設施的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度，而且也提高(gao)(gao)了(le)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用效率。但是，隨(sui)之穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒的(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)和精(jing)確定位(wei)及固定比較困難，搞得不好會(hui)影(ying)響穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)后(hou)空心坯壁厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)度。
雙穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒結構(gou)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機，穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒具有4個(ge)工位(wei)，在這些(xie)工位(wei)上(shang)依(yi)次(ci)完(wan)成以下工序：把穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)坯料(liao)裝(zhuang)入(ru)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒，進行坯料(liao)的(de)鐓粗和穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)，從穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒中頂出空(kong)心(xin)坯，進行穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒內襯的(de)清(qing)理。
美國 Lone Star鋼(gang)廠55MN（5500t)臥式鋼(gang)管擠壓機相配套的25MN(2500t)立式穿孔機的主要性能如(ru)下：
穿孔機配置有自動控制系(xi)統，可用于：（1)管坯的鐓粗和穿孔；（2)帶預鉆孔和錐形輔助孔坯料的擴孔。
